Ultralow-Frequency Collective Compression Mode and Strong Interlayer Coupling in Multilayer Black Phosphorus

Dong, Shihui; Zhang, Anmin; Liu, Kai; Ji, Jianting; Ye, Yuanbo; Luo, Xinyao; Chen, X. H.; Ma, Xiaoli; Jie, Yinghao; Chen, Changfeng; Wang, Xiaoqun; Zhang, Qingming

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.116.087401

Cited by 59 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…One can anticipate that among the most urgent topics one will be, as previously discussed in the paragraph devoted to the challenges, the development of a large-area fabrication technique to isolate high quality wafer scale thin films of black phosphorus as that result could have a big impact not only in the scientific community but also in the first applications based on black phosphorus. The further development of experimental techniques to reliably determine the thickness of black phosphorus [152][153][154][155] and to characterize its electrical, optical and chemical properties will also take place in the first years of black phosphorus research. 24,[156][157][158] Because of its narrow band gap value, multilayered black phosphorus will also find a place in photodetection in the near-and mid-infrared part of the spectrum and in thermoelectric power generation applications.…”

Section: Outlook and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Phosphorus: Narrow Gap, Wide Applications

Castellanos-Gómez

2015

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

686

534

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The recent isolation of atomically thin black phosphorus by mechanical exfoliation of bulk layered crystals has triggered an unprecedented interest, even higher than that raised by the first works on graphene and other two-dimensionals, in the nanoscience and nanotechnology community. In this Perspective, we critically analyze the reasons behind the surge of experimental and theoretical works on this novel two-dimensional material. We believe that the fact that black phosphorus band gap value spans over a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum (interesting for thermal imaging, thermoelectrics, fiber optics communication, photovoltaics, etc.) that was not covered by any other two-dimensional material isolated to date, its high carrier mobility, its ambipolar field-effect, and its rather unusual in-plane anisotropy drew the attention of the scientific community toward this two-dimensional material. Here, we also review the current advances, the future directions and the challenges in this young research field.

show abstract

Section: Outlook and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Phosphorus: Narrow Gap, Wide Applications

Castellanos-Gómez

2015

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

686

534

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another interesting feature is that the band dispersion along the Z – U direction differs from that along the Z – T ′ direction, leading to the different effective masses along the x ‐(armchair) and y ‐(zigzag) directions of the crystal, which causes the strong in‐plane anisotropy as will be discussed later. Although the bandgaps of 2D materials in general increase, as the films become thinner because of the quantum confinement effect, the increase in black phosphorus is significant (from ≈0.3 for bulk to 2 eV for monolayer) due the stronger interlayer electronic‐state coupling compared with other layered materials such as molybdenum disulfide . Figure c denotes how the bandgap of BP evolves as the function of layer number calculated based on density functional theory …”

Section: Electronic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress on Black Phosphorus Photonics

Deng

Frisenda

et al. 2018

Advanced Optical Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

between light and graphene is weak, although it is extremely strong if normalized to its atomic thickness. [15,[20][21][22] Also, because graphene is semimetallic, the optoelectronic devices suffer from large dark current, and therefore high noise level and high power consumption. [23][24][25][26][27] The bandgaps of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are in general in the range of ≈1-2 eV, leading to limited optical response in technically critical infrared wavelength range. [15,28] Few-layer TMDCs, however, as long as they are thicker than monolayer, are no longer direct bandgap semiconductors. [29,30] Hexagonal-boron nitride (h-BN) has a bandgap of about 6 eV, therefore it is an insulator. [15,31] Black phosphorus provides an opportunity to cover the near and mid-infrared wavelength range. In its bulk form, black phosphorus has a bandgap of ≈0.3 eV. [2][3][4][5][6] This value increases as the thickness of BP thin film goes down, and finally reaches ≈2 eV for the monolayer due the vertical quantum confinement effect, which is a common phenomenon for many semiconducting layered materials. [9,32,33] It is also worth noticing that the bandgap is direct regardless of its thickness. [8,9] The finite bandgap is critical for electronic devices, since it ensures high on-off ratio for a transistor, [3] and significantly reduces dark current. [34] For optical applications, the 0.3 eV direct bandgap makes BP interact strongly with mid-infrared photons and those with even higher energy. [5] Moreover, it was discovered recently that the bandgap of thin-film BP can be efficiently tuned simply by an electrical gating approach, which may allow for the exploration of new physical phenomena and enable more device applications. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Another distinct feature of black phosphorus is the strong in-plane anisotropy, which originates from the puckered arrangement of phosphorus atoms (shown in Figure 1a). [5] This reduced symmetry results in specific optical transition rules in the momentum space and thus linear dichroic optical properties. [8,42] Due to these desirable properties, a few proof-ofconcept devices have been demonstrated with various functionalities. [3,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] Toward the practical applications of BP, long-term stability is highly desirable. Although naked black phosphorus can oxidize under ambient environment, [7,51] researchers have developed a number of encapsulation and surface passivation schemes to dramatically improve its long term stability. [52][53][54][55][56] Large-scale controllable production of BP thin film is still at its infancy; nevertheless, encouraging progress is being continuously made. [57][58][59] In this review, we will also discuss the BP synthesis, since it is critical for future BP applications in photonics.Recent years have witnessed the rapidly growing interests in the rediscovered black phosphorus (BP), an elemental group-V layered material with very high carrier mobility among all semiconducting layered materials. As a layer...

show abstract

“…[11][12][13][14][15] Besides, its corrugated hexagonal lattice structure provides unique anisotropic physical properties, such as optical responses, 16 carrier mobility [4][5] and thermal conductivity, [17][18] which brings a new direction in designing novel and polarization sensitive electronic, optoelectronic and optomechanical devices. 5,13,15,[19][20][21][22] A lot of angle-resolved optical techniques have been used to study the anisotropic response of BP, such as Raman spectroscopy, 19,[23][24] photoluminescence spectroscopy 19,25 and scanning polarization modulation microscopy. [26][27] But due to far lower vibrational energy than optical phonons, acoustic phonons were difficult to be detected by traditional Raman spectroscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisotropic Charge Carrier and Coherent Acoustic Phonon Dynamics of Black Phosphorus Studied by Transient Absorption Microscopy

Meng

Shi

et al. 2019

J. Phys. Chem. C

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Due to its corrugated hexagonal lattice structure, Black phosphorus (BP) has unique anisotropic physical properties, which provides an additional freedom for designing devices. Many body interactions, including interactions with phonon, is crucial for heat dissipation and charge carrier mobility in device. However, the rich properties of the coherent acoustic phonon, including anisotropy, propagation and generation were not fully interrogated. In this paper, the polarization-resolved transient absorption microscopy was conducted on BP flakes to study the dynamics of photoexcited charge carriers and coherent acoustic phonon. Polarization-resolved transient absorption images and traces were recorded and showed anisotropic and thickness-dependent charge carriers decay dynamics. The damping of the coherent acoustic phonon oscillation was found to be anisotropic, which was attributed to the polarization-dependent absorption length of the probe pulse. From the analysis of initial oscillation amplitude and phase of coherent acoustic phonon oscillation, we proposed that the direct deformation potential mechanism dominated the generation of coherent acoustic phonons in our experiment. Besides, we obtained the sound velocity of the coherent acoustic phonon from the oscillation frequency and the "acoustic echo", respectively, which agreed well with each other. These findings provide significant insights into the rich acoustic phonon properties of BP, and promise important application for BP in polarization-sensitive optical and optoelectronic devices. direction in Figure 3. AUTHOR INFORMATION

show abstract

Ultralow-Frequency Collective Compression Mode and Strong Interlayer Coupling in Multilayer Black Phosphorus

Abstract: The recent renaissance of black phosphorus (BP) as a two-dimensional (2D)layered

Cited by 59 publications

References 44 publications

Black Phosphorus: Narrow Gap, Wide Applications

Black Phosphorus: Narrow Gap, Wide Applications

Progress on Black Phosphorus Photonics

Anisotropic Charge Carrier and Coherent Acoustic Phonon Dynamics of Black Phosphorus Studied by Transient Absorption Microscopy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About