Ultrasensitive and highly stretchable fibers with dual conductive microstructural sheaths for human motion and micro vibration sensing

Xiao, Jieyu; Xiong, Yan Q.; Chen, Juan; Zhao, Shanshan; Chen, Shangbi; Xu, Banglian; Sheng, Bin

doi:10.1039/d1nr08380e

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…CNT yarns have been studied for potential applications in electrical wirings, sensors, actuators, and energy-storage devices. ,,− However, conventional CNT yarns are straight and lack the elasticity required for stretchable conductors. The resistance of the yarn can only be maintained within a strain level below 1%, which is then increased dramatically because of sliding between CNTs that is irreversible to cause fracture and rapid degradation of electrical conductivity under even small strains (<10%).…”

Section: Recent Advances In the Stretchable 1d Conductormentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretchable One-Dimensional Conductors for Wearable Applications

Nie

Hsieh

et al. 2022

ACS Nano

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Continuous, one-dimensional (1D) stretchable conductors have attracted significant attention for the development of wearables and soft-matter electronics. Through the use of advanced spinning, printing, and textile technologies, 1D stretchable conductors in the forms of fibers, wires, and yarns can be designed and engineered to meet the demanding requirements for different wearable applications. Several crucial parameters, such as microarchitecture, conductivity, stretchability, and scalability, play essential roles in designing and developing wearable devices and intelligent textiles. Methodologies and fabrication processes have successfully realized 1D conductors that are highly conductive, strong, lightweight, stretchable, and conformable and can be readily integrated with common fabrics and soft matter. This review summarizes the latest advances in continuous, 1D stretchable conductors and emphasizes recent developments in materials, methodologies, fabrication processes, and strategies geared toward applications in electrical interconnects, mechanical sensors, actuators, and heaters. This review classifies 1D conductors into three categories on the basis of their electrical responses: (1) rigid 1D conductors, (2) piezoresistive 1D conductors, and (3) resistance-stable 1D conductors. This review also evaluates the present challenges in these areas and presents perspectives for improving the performance of stretchable 1D conductors for wearable textile and flexible electronic applications.

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Section: Recent Advances In the Stretchable 1d Conductormentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretchable One-Dimensional Conductors for Wearable Applications

Nie

Hsieh

et al. 2022

ACS Nano

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“…To achieve high flexibility and stretchability, elastic polymers such as Ecoflex, natural rubber, and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) are commonly utilized [ 29 ]. Among them, TPU can be readily made into different forms such as electrospun nanofibers and solid thin films, thus offering tremendous possibility in terms of creating high-performance sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on the Effects of Spray Coating Methods and Substrates on Polyurethane/Carbon Nanofiber Sensors

Karlapudi

Vahdani

Mirjalali

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has been widely used as the elastic polymer substrate to be combined with conductive nanomaterials to develop stretchable strain sensors for a variety of applications such as health monitoring, smart robotics, and e-skins. However, little research has been reported on the effects of deposition methods and the form of TPU on their sensing performance. This study intends to design and fabricate a durable, stretchable sensor based on composites of thermoplastic polyurethane and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) by systematically investigating the influences of TPU substrates (i.e., either electrospun nanofibers or solid thin film) and spray coating methods (i.e., either air-spray or electro-spray). It is found that the sensors with electro-sprayed CNFs conductive sensing layers generally show a higher sensitivity, while the influence of the substrate is not significant and there is no clear and consistent trend. The sensor composed of a TPU solid thin film with electro-sprayed CNFs exhibits an optimal performance with a high sensitivity (gauge factor ~28.2) in a strain range of 0–80%, a high stretchability of up to 184%, and excellent durability. The potential application of these sensors in detecting body motions has been demonstrated, including finger and wrist-joint movements, by using a wooden hand.

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“…8−15 Particularly, to encourage promising applications in human interaction, physiology activity monitoring, 16 and on-point healthcare, 17,18 flexible and wearable sensors have been rapidly developed in recent years. Flexible sensors reported to date can be classified into resistive, 19−23 piezoelectric, 24−26 capacitive, 27−29 and triboelectric 30 types depending on their sensing mechanism to test tensile force, pressure, etc. Among these sensors, the resistive sensor is widely investigated because of its relatively simple working mechanism, feasible fabrication process, and convenient signal collection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the development of material technology, flexible devices attract more and more attention in daily application equipment, , such as stretchable light-emitting diodes, flexible smartphones and smartwatches, energy harvesting devices, , e-skins, and wearable sensors. − Particularly, to encourage promising applications in human interaction, physiology activity monitoring, and on-point healthcare, , flexible and wearable sensors have been rapidly developed in recent years. Flexible sensors reported to date can be classified into resistive, − piezoelectric, − capacitive, − and triboelectric types depending on their sensing mechanism to test tensile force, pressure, etc. Among these sensors, the resistive sensor is widely investigated because of its relatively simple working mechanism, feasible fabrication process, and convenient signal collection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since this sensor is mainly constructed via the combination of stretchable polymer materials and conductive materials, the selection of both polymer substrate and conductive materials has a huge impact on the properties of devices. For tensile properties needed, flexible substrates are usually chosen, including Ecoflex, , thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), , elastomer, , poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), − textile, etc. For example, Horev grafted nanofibrous polyaniline (PANI) onto stretchable elastomer nanomeshes to obtain a freestanding ultrathin strain sensor with excellent sustainability, linearity, durability, and low hysteresis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silver Nanowire/Silver/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) as Strain Sensors for Motion Monitoring

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Stretchable resistive sensors attract wide attention due to their feasible fabrication method and promising application prospect, while the sensitivity (gauge factor (GF)) and response time for quick and effective response in working are very important for stretchable resistive sensors. Herein, a facile method combined with solution coating and laser direct writing is promoted to fabricate a silver nanowire/silver/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (AgNW/Ag/PDMS) strain sensor. The reduced Ag welds the AgNWs to make the conductive layer robust for deformation, and the obtained stretchable resistive sensor has a high GF of 623.2, a short response time of 51 ms, a recovery time of 50 ms, a wide sensing range beyond 35%, and good cyclic repeatability (over 2000 times). The sensor features highly sensitive and stable performance for monitoring diverse human and mechanical motions, demonstrating a promising and attractive application for wearable devices and human–machine interaction.

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Ultrasensitive and highly stretchable fibers with dual conductive microstructural sheaths for human motion and micro vibration sensing

Abstract: Conductive and stretchable fibers are important components of the increasingly popular wearable electronics to meet the design requirements of excellent electrical conductivity, stretchability, and wearability. In this work, we developed...

Cited by 24 publications

References 61 publications

Stretchable One-Dimensional Conductors for Wearable Applications

Stretchable One-Dimensional Conductors for Wearable Applications

A Comparative Study on the Effects of Spray Coating Methods and Substrates on Polyurethane/Carbon Nanofiber Sensors

Silver Nanowire/Silver/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) as Strain Sensors for Motion Monitoring

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