Ultrasensitive Detection of C-Reactive Protein by a Novel Nanoplasmonic Immunoturbidimetry Assay

Abstract

Nanotechnology has attracted much attention, and may become the key to a whole new world in the fields of food, agriculture, building materials, machinery, medicine, and electrical engineering, because of its unique physical and chemical properties, including high surface area and outstanding electrical and optical properties. The bottom-up approach in nanofabrication involves the growth of particles, and we were inspired to propose a novel nanoplasmonic method to detect the formation of nanoparticles in real time. This innovative idea may contribute to the promotion of nanotechnology development. An increase in nanometer particle size leads to optical extinction or density (OD)-value changes in our nanosensor chip at a specific wavelength measured in a generic microplate reader. Moreover, in applying this method, an ultrasensitive nanoplasmonic immunoturbidimetry assay (NanoPITA) was carried out for the high-throughput quantification of hypersensitive C-reactive protein (CRP), a well-known biomarker of cardiovascular, inflammatory, and tumor diseases. The one-step detection of the CRP concentration was completed in 10 min with high fidelity, using the endpoint analysis method. The new NanoPITA method not only produced a linear range from 1 ng/mL to 500 ng/mL CRP with the detection limit reduced to 0.54 ng/mL, which was an improvement of over 1000 times, with respect to regular immunoturbidity measurement, but was also effective in blood detection. This attractive method, combined with surface plasmon resonance and immunoturbidimetry, may become a new technology platform in the application of biological detection.

Improving Sensitivity and Reproducibility of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Biochips Utilizing Magnetoplasmonic Nanoparticles and Statistical Methods

“…51 The real-time nanoplasmonic immunoturbidimetry assay (NanoPITA) quantifies hypersensitive CRP with a reduced LOD of 0.54 ng/ mL. 52 Lastly, a novel smartphone-based device merges magnetoelastic immunosensing and smartphone technology for self-detection of CRP, with an LOD of 0.2349 ng/mL. 53 The summarized comparisons of the biosensors are outlined in Table 2 below.…”

“…On the other hand, the electrochemical immunosensor, using indole as an electrochemical probe, demonstrates an LOD of 0.03 ng/mL . The real-time nanoplasmonic immunoturbidimetry assay (NanoPITA) quantifies hypersensitive CRP with a reduced LOD of 0.54 ng/mL . Lastly, a novel smartphone-based device merges magnetoelastic immunosensing and smartphone technology for self-detection of CRP, with an LOD of 0.2349 ng/mL .…”

Progress in Procalcitonin Detection Based on Immunoassay

“…Because it is highly sensitive and effective in blood tests, this may become a novel technical system for detecting other biomarkers, including PCT (Fig. 14 A and C) [ 128 , 129 ].…”

“… Applications of improved immunoturbidimetric assay for PCT detection. (A) The process of precipitation complex detection [ 128 ]. Copyright 2022 MDPI.…”

Advances in Optical Fiber Aptasensor for Biochemical Sensing Applications

“…[ 50 ] In recent years, these sensors have developed rapidly. They have been recognized as multifunctional, versatile, and high‐performance sensing platforms, which can detect various analytes by SPR, [ 59 ] fluorescence, [ 60 ] colorimetric, [ 61 ] chemiluminescence, [ 62,63 ] absorption, [ 64 ] Raman. [ 65 ] etc.…”