Ultrasensitive transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements by means of effective polarization change detection

Oblak, E.; Riego, Patricia; Fallarino, Lorenzo; Martínez-de-Guerenu, A.; Arizti, F.; Berger, Andreas

doi:10.1088/1361-6463/aa6df2

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…After locating the sample dependent light extinction point by varying θ 2 and ϕ 2 , we use multiple settings of θ 2 and ϕ 2 in order to achieve different interference conditions for optics and magneto-optics, which allows us to determine the entire reflection matrix R − . Our prior work has shown that near the extinction point, one is extremely sensitive to the small magneto-optical effects [37,40]. Specifically, we run a grid of QWP and P 2 settings to collect a complete T-MOKE ellipsometry data set.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of T-MOKE experiments is the experimental geometry of the set-up, because it allows for a more flexible design due to the spatial separation of the optical elements from the magnetic field generating components, which are arranged in perpendicular planes [37]. In the pure intensity measurement mode, T-MOKE usually produces weaker signal amplitudes than L-and P-MOKE [38,39], but previous works have demonstrated that with the effective polarization detection measurement scheme [37,40], the sensitivity of T-MOKE measurements can be improved significantly and made comparable to L-MOKE measurements [37,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The already mentioned pure intensity measurement mode, which is the conventional T-MOKE method, uses only p-polarized light and light intensity changes are measured as the sample magnetization is changed. The effective polarization T-MOKE method [40] uses a mixture of s-and p-polarized light for the incident light beam. As T-MOKE produces a change in the intensity of the reflected light only for incident p-polarized radiation, the s-polarized component is not affected by the T-MOKE effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitivity and reproducibility of transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (T-MOKE) ellipsometry

Valderrama¹,

Quintana²,

Martínez-de-Guerenu³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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We report a comprehensive experimental study to analyze the limiting factors and physical mechanisms that determine the achievable performance of Transverse Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (T-MOKE) ellipsometry. Specifically, we explore different approaches to achieve high sensitivity and reduced acquisition times. The best sensitivity is observed for an incident light polarization with balanced s-p components. We also verify experimentally that the method’s theoretical description is accurately describing data for any s-p combination of the incoming light. Furthermore, two alternative measurement strategies are explored by using different measurement sequences for the polarization sensitive optics, which both achieve a very comparable, high quality of results. Signal-to-noise ratios and systematic deviations are measured and analyzed based on a large number of nominally identical measurement repeats, both for entire signal sequences as well as for individual Fourier components of the magneto-optical signal generated by a sinusoidal magnetic field sequence. Hereby, we observe that while higher order Fourier components have a significantly reduced signal amplitude and correspondingly exhibit reduced signal-to-noise and repeatability performance, signal-to-noise ratios always exceed values of 100 even for the lowest signal Fourier component and the lowest signal sample that we investigated, illustrating the extremely precise nature of T-MOKE ellipsometry.

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Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sensitivity and reproducibility of transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (T-MOKE) ellipsometry

Valderrama¹,

Quintana²,

Martínez-de-Guerenu³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…However, when working with mixed s-and p-polarized light (g ¼ 45 ), TMOKE signal is significantly enhanced and leads to appearance of a Kerr rotation component D/, as previously reported. [11][12][13] In our TR-TMOKE setup we polarized our incidence light at g ¼ 45 mixing the s-and p-polarizations. 14 As the Kerr ellipticity of the Rashba interface is stronger than Kerr rotation due to strong dichroism effect, [15][16][17] we used a quarter wave plate (QWP) as commonly used for Kerr ellipticity when characterizing Nickel films.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct optical observation of spin accumulation at nonmagnetic metal/oxide interface

Puebla

Auvray

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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We report the direct observation of uniform in-plane spin accumulation at room temperature by magneto optical Kerr effect, at the interface formed between nonmagnetic metal (Cu, Ag) and oxide (Bi2O3). Recent reports show spin to charge conversion at these interfaces suggesting the presence of Rashba like spin orbit coupling (SOC). The formation of spin accumulation is the result of current induced spin polarization at our interfaces (direct Rashba–Edelstein effect), without external magnetic field or proximity to ferromagnetic materials. We observe opposite orientation of spin accumulation at Cu/Bi2O3 and Ag/Bi2O3 interfaces reflecting their opposite sign of Rashba SOC (Rashba parameter). Moreover, estimation of spin accumulation from values of Rashba parameters obtained by independent spin pumping measurements, agrees well with the difference in amplitude of our normalized Kerr signals for Cu/Bi2O3 and Ag/Bi2O3 interfaces. Uniform in-plane spin accumulation due to Rashba-Edelstein effect can be applied for spin filter devices and efficient driving force for magnetization switching.

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“…This can be trivially taken into account and exploited to choose favourable conditions, in which the magneto optical constants will be large compared to the regular Fresnel reflection coefficients. For instance, one may choose the Brewster angle to maximise the magnetic contribution to the reflected intensity, as in transverse MOKE experiments using P-polarized light, with and without polarization analysis [65]. The other effect is a change in the geometry, since the polar coordinates of the beam and the target are no longer the same.…”

Section: B Arbitrary Incidence Anglementioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic theory of Helicoidal Dichroism in reflection from magnetic structures

Fanciulli,

Bresteau,

Vimal

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We present the classical electromagnetic theory framework of reflection of a light beam carrying Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) by an in-plane magnetic structure with generic symmetry. Depending on the magnetization symmetry, we find a change in the OAM content of the reflected beam due to magneto-optic interaction and an asymmetric far-field intensity profile. This leads to three types of Magnetic Helicoidal Dichroism (MHD), observed when switching the OAM of the incoming beam, the magnetization sign, or both. In cases of sufficient symmetries, we establish analytical formulas which link an experimentally accessible MHD signal up to 10% to the Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE) constants. Magnetic vortices are particularly enlightening and promising targets, for which we explore the implications of our theory in the joint publication XX XXX XXXXXX.

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Ultrasensitive transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements by means of effective polarization change detection

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

Sensitivity and reproducibility of transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (T-MOKE) ellipsometry

Sensitivity and reproducibility of transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (T-MOKE) ellipsometry

Direct optical observation of spin accumulation at nonmagnetic metal/oxide interface

Electromagnetic theory of Helicoidal Dichroism in reflection from magnetic structures

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