Ultrasensitive WSe<sub>2</sub> field-effect transistor-based biosensor for label-free detection of cancer in point-of-care applications

Hossain, Mohammad Mosarof; Shabbir, Babar; Wu, Yingjie; Yu, Wenzhi; Krishnamurthi, Vaishnavi; Uddin, Hemayet; Mahmood, Nasir; Walia, Sumeet; Bao, Qiaoliang; Alan, Tuncay; Mokkapati, Sudha

doi:10.1088/2053-1583/ac1253

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Similarly, antibody-based 2D FET sensors can also detect other proteins such as thrombin, Alzheimer’s disease related tau protein, and prostate specific antigen (PSA), to name a few. However, conventional antibody probes with a molecular weight of greater than 150 kDa are facing bottleneck problems such as relatively high production costs, small amounts of binding epitopes, and slow production rates in expression systems .…”

Section: Biological Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Field-Effect Transistor Sensors: The Road toward Commercialization

2022

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The evolutionary success in information technology has been sustained by the rapid growth of sensor technology. Recently, advances in sensor technology have promoted the ambitious requirement to build intelligent systems that can be controlled by external stimuli along with independent operation, adaptivity, and low energy expenditure. Among various sensing techniques, field-effect transistors (FETs) with channels made of two-dimensional (2D) materials attract increasing attention for advantages such as label-free detection, fast response, easy operation, and capability of integration. With atomic thickness, 2D materials restrict the carrier flow within the material surface and expose it directly to the external environment, leading to efficient signal acquisition and conversion. This review summarizes the latest advances of 2D-materials-based FET (2D FET) sensors in a comprehensive manner that contains the material, operating principles, fabrication technologies, proof-of-concept applications, and prototypes. First, a brief description of the background and fundamentals is provided. The subsequent contents summarize physical, chemical, and biological 2D FET sensors and their applications. Then, we highlight the challenges of their commercialization and discuss corresponding solution techniques. The following section presents a systematic survey of recent progress in developing commercial prototypes. Lastly, we summarize the long-standing efforts and prospective future development of 2D FET-based sensing systems toward commercialization.

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Section: Biological Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Field-Effect Transistor Sensors: The Road toward Commercialization

2022

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“…The rapid detection and continuous monitoring of biological and chemical compounds are of utmost interest for medical purposes, including, e.g., point-of-care solutions, drug detection, genomics, etc. [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. The chemical and electrical sensors employed in the detection, conventionally grouped under the common term of biosensors, can be broadly categorized into two classes: label-based sensors and label-free sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A wide variety of 2DMs-based BioFETs have already been successfully fabricated and tested, and their operating principles are subject of intense research. Graphene and TMDs, namely MoS 2 and tungsten diselenide (WSe 2 ), lead the race, demonstrating high sensitivity to external stimuli, such as those originating from antigen-antibody binding events [ 3 , 4 , 20 , 21 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. In particular, semiconducting monolayers MoS 2 and WSe 2 (with a band gap of about 1.7–1.8 eV [ 13 ]) exhibit a reduced leakage current and a high on/off current ratio in FET architectures enabling reliable and accurate biosensing [ 21 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, Sarkar et al [ 21 ] have reported MoS 2 -BioFETs exhibiting the potential to detect streptavidin in concentrations as low as 100 femtomolar (fM), while Wang et al [ 2 ] and Park et al [ 4 ] have also demonstrated that MoS 2 -BioFETs can enable 100–400 fM-level detection limits for the prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Also for the detection of PSA, Hossain et al [ 3 ] have reported an ultra-sensitive WSe 2 -BioFET with a detection limit of 10 fg/mL PSA, the lowest concentration detected so far by any BioFET. Although numerous experimental studies and prototypes have been developed focusing on the characterization of TMD-based immunological FETs (ImmunoFETs) for specific and label-free sensing of proteins through antigen-antibody interaction, there is a noticeable lack of theoretical analysis and models able to rationalize, explain, optimize, and predict the response of the 2D BioFETs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compact Modeling of Two-Dimensional Field-Effect Biosensors

Grour

Marín

Pasadas

et al. 2023

Sensors

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A compact model able to predict the electrical read-out of field-effect biosensors based on two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors is introduced. It comprises the analytical description of the electrostatics including the charge density in the 2D semiconductor, the site-binding modeling of the barrier oxide surface charge, and the Stern layer plus an ion-permeable membrane, all coupled with the carrier transport inside the biosensor and solved by making use of the Donnan potential inside the ion-permeable membrane formed by charged macromolecules. This electrostatics and transport description account for the main surface-related physical and chemical processes that impact the biosensor electrical performance, including the transport along the low-dimensional channel in the diffusive regime, electrolyte screening, and the impact of biological charges. The model is implemented in Verilog-A and can be employed on standard circuit design tools. The theoretical predictions obtained with the model are validated against measurements of a MoS2 field-effect biosensor for streptavidin detection showing excellent agreement in all operation regimes and leading the way for the circuit-level simulation of biosensors based on 2D semiconductors.

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“…The discovery of graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) materials has opened an entirely new field of research in material science. − They became the most studied materials over the past decade. The monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) have a direct bandgap, which makes them promising candidates for optical and nanoelectronics devices. − There are many techniques capable of obtaining monolayers of 2D-TMD, from which the most straightforward is the mechanical exfoliation of bulk crystals. − However, this approach is not reproducible and scalable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etching-Free Transfer and Nanoimaging of CVD-Grown MoS₂ Monolayers

et al. 2021

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The transfer of two-dimensional materials from grown substrates onto target substrates is critical for device applications and postgrown analysis. The traditional transfer method for as-grown two-dimensional materials requires a wet chemical etching process that damages the crystals and the substrates. These issues deteriorate the electrical and optical performances of two-dimensional-material-based devices fabricated afterward. Herein, we developed an etching-free method and nanoimaging for transferring and analyzing monolayers of MoS2 onto arbitrary substrates using polyurethane as a sacrifice polymer. The polymer layer and the MoS2 crystals can be peeled off from the substrate by tweezers and transferred to any substrate. We analyzed the transferred samples to a glass coverslip substrate with optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and tip-enhanced photoluminesce spectroscopy. Also, we transferred monolayers of MoS2 to a transmission electron microscopy grid and acquired scanning electron microscopy together with high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy images. The results of nanoimaging indicate that the method preserved the sample’s optical and structural properties and avoid undesirable cracks, wrinkles, and polymer residues. The etching-free transfer method of as-grown two-dimensional materials will improve the quality of transferred samples enhance the devices’ performance.

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Ultrasensitive WSe₂ field-effect transistor-based biosensor for label-free detection of cancer in point-of-care applications

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Two-Dimensional Field-Effect Transistor Sensors: The Road toward Commercialization

Two-Dimensional Field-Effect Transistor Sensors: The Road toward Commercialization

Compact Modeling of Two-Dimensional Field-Effect Biosensors

Etching-Free Transfer and Nanoimaging of CVD-Grown MoS₂ Monolayers

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Ultrasensitive WSe2 field-effect transistor-based biosensor for label-free detection of cancer in point-of-care applications

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Two-Dimensional Field-Effect Transistor Sensors: The Road toward Commercialization

Two-Dimensional Field-Effect Transistor Sensors: The Road toward Commercialization

Compact Modeling of Two-Dimensional Field-Effect Biosensors

Etching-Free Transfer and Nanoimaging of CVD-Grown MoS2 Monolayers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Ultrasensitive WSe₂ field-effect transistor-based biosensor for label-free detection of cancer in point-of-care applications

Etching-Free Transfer and Nanoimaging of CVD-Grown MoS₂ Monolayers