Ultrashort low-loss Ψ gates for linear optical logic on Si photonics platform

Abstract

Nonlinear optical gates are usually considered as fundamental building blocks for universal optical computation. However, the performance is severely limited by small optical nonlinearity, thereby bounding their operation speed, consumption energy, and device size. In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate linear optical logic operations with 3 μm-long Si wire "Ψ" gates consist of 3 × 1 optical combiners including auxiliary bias port, which maximizes the binary contrast of the output in telecom wavelength. We have demonstrated 20 Gbps Boolean "AND" operation with experimentally measured small signal loss (1.6 dB experimentally). A single Ψ gate can perform representative Boolean operations by changing the bias power and relative phases. We have also demonstrated wavelengthindependent operation by seven wavelengths, which leads to wavelength-division multiplexed parallel computation. This ultrashort, highly-integrable, low-loss, and energy-efficient optical logic gates pave the way for ultralow latency optical pattern matching, recognition, and conversion.

Realization of optical logic gates using on-chip diffractive optical neural networks

“…7 . This provides the capability to perform simultaneously different operations for each wavelength channel by varying the input conditions which means that totally independent parallel logic operations is possible up to the number of input channels with a single gate 12 . Due to huge computational time required to verify all these results, they haven't been verified with 2.5D FDTD variational solver of Lumerical Mode Solution.…”

“…no. Device architecture Gate Operation wavelength Dimensions Bit rate Contrast ratio (dB) Operation bandwidth 12 Si wire gate AND, NOR, XNOR 1.55 µm 3 µm × 3 µm 20Gbps > 9 30 nm 19 L-shaped Optical slot nano-antenna (AND, OR) or (NOT, NOR, NAND) depending on the orientation of the L-shaped antenna 800 nm 300 nm × 300 nm – > 13.27 230 nm 13 Mach–Zehnder interferometer switch All seven logic gates but using different cascading schemes 1.55 µm 50 µm × 21 µm 25Gbps – – 2 Coupled nonlinear photonic crystal waveguides AND, NOT – – – 20 – 14 Two-dimensional photonic crystal All seven logic gates but using different number of basic gates 2.5793 µm (116.31THz) < 150 µm × 45 µm – > 9.54 – 3 Micro-resonator AND 1.55 µm 1.5 mm × 1.5 mm 5kbps 11 <...…”

“…Optical logic gates are crucial building blocks for all-optical computing and they enable many applications like ultrahigh-speed information processing and all-optical networks. There are two major approaches toward all optical logic gates; one is based on the nonlinear optical effects 2 – 10 , especially the third-order nonlinear susceptibility, while another approach is based on the linear optical effects 11 – 19 such as multi-beam interference 12 – 18 . However, the inherent instability of the interference-type optical logic circuits (including linear and nonlinear interference) hindered their application.…”

Realization of optical logic gates using on-chip diffractive optical neural networks

“…Optical logic gates are crucial building blocks for all-optical computing and they enable many applications like ultrahigh-speed information processing and all-optical networks. There are two major approaches toward all optical logic gates; one is based on the nonlinear optical effects [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10], especially the thirdorder nonlinear susceptibility, while another approach is based on the linear optical effects [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] such as multi-beam interference [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, the inherent instability of the interference-type optical logic circuits (including linear and nonlinear interference) hindered their application.…”

Photochemically Switchable Interconnected Microcavities for All‐Organic Optical Logic Gate

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13] However, devices so far invented largely rely on inorganic materials and lithographic techniques. For instance, optical logic gates have been realized with optical waveguides in silicon thin wires [14] and optical circuits that combine micro-optical resonators. [15] These optical gates require state-of-theart advanced microfabrication techniques, which are unapplicable to fully organic devices.…”