Ultrasoft slip-mediated bending in few-layer graphene

Han, Edmund; Yu, Jaehyung; Annevelink, Emil; Son, Jangyup; Kang, Dongyun A.; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Ertekin, Elif; Huang, Pinshane Y.; Zande, Arend M. van der

doi:10.1038/s41563-019-0529-7

Cited by 209 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, interfacial fatigue behavior of the vdW contacts between graphene and its substrates remains largely unexplored. Because of the two-dimensional (2D) nature, and thus ultralow bending stiffness ( 18 , 19 ), graphene is susceptible to out-of-plane buckling, especially at the contact of a stretchable substrate with elastic mismatch. These uniqueness implies different forms of fatigue damage and damage dynamics as compared to the fatigue fracture propagation in macroscale, and the macroscopic methods and analyses are also not readily applicable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene fatigue through van der Waals interactions

et al. 2020

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Graphene is often in contact with other materials through weak van der Waals (vdW) interactions. Of particular interest is the graphene-polymer interface, which is constantly subjected to dynamic loading in applications, including flexible electronics and multifunctional coatings. Through in situ cyclic loading, we directly observed interfacial fatigue propagation at the graphene-polymer interface, which was revealed to satisfy a modified Paris’ law. Furthermore, cyclic loading through vdW contact was able to cause fatigue fracture of even pristine graphene through a combined in-plane shear and out-of-plane tear mechanism. Shear fracture was found to mainly initiate at the fold junctions induced by cyclic loading and propagate parallel to the loading direction. Fracture mechanics analysis was conducted to explain the kinetics of an exotic self-tearing behavior of graphene during cyclic loading. This work offers mechanistic insights into the dynamic reliability of graphene and graphene-polymer interface, which could facilitate the durable design of graphene-based structures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene fatigue through van der Waals interactions

et al. 2020

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“…For van der Waals 2D materials, the interlayer slip can relieve stress at the van der Waals interfaces. [30] Shear-force-driven slip is the dominant mechanism of many mechanical exfoliation methods for producing 2D materials. [31,32] In this work, the ductile metal-assistant mechanical exfoliation method was used to prepare graphene nanosheets from commercial graphite powder (Figure 2a and Figure S1, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Originating From Inhomogeneous LI Deposition and Dissolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Deposition of Lithium Particles Enabled by Ultraconformal and Stretchable Graphene Film for Lithium Metal Batteries

et al. 2020

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Originating from inhomogeneous Li deposition and dissolution, the formation of dendritic and/or dead Li lies as a fundamental barrier to the practical implementation of Li metal anodes for high‐energy Li‐ion batteries. Here, an ultraconformal and stretchable solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) composed of parallelly stacked few‐layer defect‐free graphene nanosheets, which can deform to remain ultraconformal during the expansion and shrinkage of micro‐sized Li metal particles is reported. The shape‐adaptive graphene protective skin is prepared via a facile mechanical method followed by Li stripping, which enables fast Li‐ion diffusion, and inhibits Li dendrites and Li pulverization. The interlayer slips and wrinkles of the graphene film endow the robust protective skin with high stretchability. This work represents a unique strategy of building ultraconformal and stretchable 2D‐materials‐based protective skins on the surface of Li metal toward high‐energy, long‐life, and safe Li metal batteries.

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“…After the lamination of the graphene on the terraced substrate (Figure S1, Supporting Information), the van der Waals (vdW) interaction between the graphene layer and the substrate is expected to be enhanced due to the elastic deformation of graphene, inducing strain both in the terraces and steps. [ 28 ] To realize the terraced single‐layer graphene, a perovskite‐oxide single crystal, STO, is utilized as a prototypical substrate for various following reasons. First, atomically flat terraces and steps can be robustly reproduced on the STO surface by selectively etching the SrO layer, leading to a TiO 2 terminated surface with a unit‐cell (≈0.4 nm) step height (see the Experimental Section).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Room‐Temperature Colossal Magnetoresistance in Terraced Single‐Layer Graphene

et al. 2020

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Disorder‐induced magnetoresistance (MR) effect is quadratic at low perpendicular magnetic fields and linear at high fields. This effect is technologically appealing, especially in 2D materials such as graphene, since it offers potential applications in magnetic sensors with nanoscale spatial resolution. However, it is a great challenge to realize a graphene magnetic sensor based on this effect because of the difficulty in controlling the spatial distribution of disorder and enhancing the MR sensitivity in the single‐layer regime. Here, a room‐temperature colossal MR of up to 5000% at 9 T is reported in terraced single‐layer graphene. By laminating single‐layer graphene on a terraced substrate, such as TiO2‐terminated SrTiO3, a universal one order of magnitude enhancement in the MR compared to conventional single‐layer graphene devices is demonstrated. Strikingly, a colossal MR of >1000% is also achieved in the terraced graphene even at a high carrier density of ≈1012 cm−2. Systematic studies of the MR of single‐layer graphene on various oxide‐ and non‐oxide‐based terraced surfaces demonstrate that the terraced structure is the dominant factor driving the MR enhancement. The results open a new route for tailoring the physical property of 2D materials by engineering the strain through a terraced substrate.

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Ultrasoft slip-mediated bending in few-layer graphene

Cited by 209 publications

References 52 publications

Graphene fatigue through van der Waals interactions

Graphene fatigue through van der Waals interactions

Reversible Deposition of Lithium Particles Enabled by Ultraconformal and Stretchable Graphene Film for Lithium Metal Batteries

Room‐Temperature Colossal Magnetoresistance in Terraced Single‐Layer Graphene

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