Ultrasonic Assessment of Fetal Growth in the Nonhuman Primate (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>)

Nyland, Thomas G.; Hill, Donald E.; Hendrickx, Andrew G.; Henrickson, Roy V.; Anderson, John C.; Farver, Thomas B; McGahan, John P.; Phillips, H. E.

doi:10.1002/jcu.1870120703

Cited by 28 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…RhCMV DNA PCR evaluation of placental tissues and fetal tissues confirmed a protective role of maternal pre-existing immunity in preventing the spread and replication of RhCMV in vivo during first trimester infection of rhesus macaques (S2 Table ). The fetal growth parameters in the CD4+ T lymphocyte-depleted RhCMV reinfected dams were comparable to the RhCMV-seropositive control dams (S5 Fig) and within the normal range of reference values established in rhesus macaques [37].…”

Section: Plos Pathogenssupporting

confidence: 74%

“… (A) BPD of CMV-seropositive reinfected (green) and CMV-seropositive controls (grey) fetuses compared to reference values [ 37 ]. (B) FL of CMV-seropositive reinfected (green) and CMV-seropositive control (grey) fetuses compared to reference values [ 37 ]. …”

Section: Supporting Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-primary congenital CMV infection model in rhesus macaques (green) and CMV-seropositive control (grey) fetuses compared to reference values [37]…”

Section: Supporting Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Protective effect of pre-existing natural immunity in a nonhuman primate reinfection model of congenital cytomegalovirus infection

Moström,

Yu,

Tran

et al. 2023

PLoS Pathog

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the leading infectious cause of neurologic defects in newborns with particularly severe sequelae in the setting of primary CMV infection in the first trimester of pregnancy. The majority of cCMV cases worldwide occur after non-primary infection in CMV-seropositive women; yet the extent to which pre-existing natural CMV-specific immunity protects against CMV reinfection or reactivation during pregnancy remains ill-defined. We previously reported on a novel nonhuman primate model of cCMV in rhesus macaques where 100% placental transmission and 83% fetal loss were seen in CD4+ T lymphocyte-depleted rhesus CMV (RhCMV)-seronegative dams after primary RhCMV infection. To investigate the protective effect of preconception maternal immunity, we performed reinfection studies in CD4+ T lymphocyte-depleted RhCMV-seropositive dams inoculated in late first / early second trimester gestation with RhCMV strains 180.92 (n = 2), or RhCMV UCD52 and FL-RhCMVΔRh13.1/SIVgag, a wild-type-like RhCMV clone with SIVgag inserted as an immunological marker, administered separately (n = 3). An early transient increase in circulating monocytes followed by boosting of the pre-existing RhCMV-specific CD8+ T lymphocyte and antibody response was observed in the reinfected dams but not in control CD4+ T lymphocyte-depleted dams. Emergence of SIV Gag-specific CD8+ T lymphocyte responses in macaques inoculated with the FL-RhCMVΔRh13.1/SIVgag virus confirmed reinfection. Placental transmission was detected in only one of five reinfected dams and there were no adverse fetal sequelae. Viral whole genome, short-read, deep sequencing analysis confirmed transmission of both reinfection RhCMV strains across the placenta with ~30% corresponding to FL-RhCMVΔRh13.1/SIVgag and ~70% to RhCMV UCD52, consistent with the mixed human CMV infections reported in infants with cCMV. Our data showing reduced placental transmission and absence of fetal loss after non-primary as opposed to primary infection in CD4+ T lymphocyte-depleted dams indicates that preconception maternal CMV-specific CD8+ T lymphocyte and/or humoral immunity can protect against cCMV infection.

show abstract

Section: Plos Pathogenssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Supporting Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Protective effect of pre-existing natural immunity in a nonhuman primate reinfection model of congenital cytomegalovirus infection

Moström,

Yu,

Tran

et al. 2023

PLoS Pathog

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We faced the challenge of having no a priori knowledge of conception dates for females in the VRC colony. Ultrasound was used to estimate the gestational age of the fetus based on fetal head circumference [47] . Additional dates were scheduled in April and July 2012 for blood draws, physical exams, and ultrasounds to confirm healthy gestation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An AGM Model for Changes in Complement during Pregnancy: Neutralization of Influenza Virus by Serum Is Diminished in Late Third Trimester

Mayer

Parks

2014

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pregnant women in the third trimester are at increased risk of severe influenza disease relative to the general population, though mechanisms behind this are not completely understood. The immune response to influenza infection employs both complement (C′) and antibody (Ab). The relative contributions of these components to the anti-viral response are difficult to dissect because most humans have pre-existing influenza-specific Abs. We developed the African green monkey (AGM) as a tractable nonhuman primate model to study changes in systemic innate immunity to influenza during pregnancy. Because the AGMs were influenza-naïve, we were able to examine the role of C′ in influenza virus neutralization using serum from non-pregnant animals before and after influenza infection. We determined that serum from naïve AGMs neutralized influenza via C′, while post-infection neutralization did not require C′, suggesting an Ab-mediated mechanism. The latter mimicked neutralization using human serum. Further, we found that ex vivo neutralization of influenza with both naïve and influenza-immune AGM serum occurred by virus particle aggregation and lysis, with immune serum lysing virus at a much higher rate than naïve serum. We hypothesized that the anti-influenza C′ response would diminish late in AGM pregnancy, corresponding with the time when pregnant women suffer increased influenza severity. We found that influenza neutralization capacity is significantly diminished in serum collected late in the third trimester. Strikingly, we found that circulating levels of C3, C3a, and C4 are diminished late in gestation relative to nonpregnant animals, and while neutralization capacity and serum C3a return to normal shortly after parturition, C3 and C4 levels do not. This AGM model system will enable further studies of the role of physiologic and hormonal changes in downregulating C′-mediated anti-viral immunity during pregnancy, and it will permit the identification of therapeutic targets to improve outcomes of influenza virus infection in pregnant women.

show abstract

“…Trans-abdominal ultrasonography is another tool utilized with growing frequency within wildlife research and captive wildlife management for health, reproductive assessment, and pregnancy diagnosis [Hildebrandt et al, 2003;G€ oritz et al, 2004]. The usefulness of ultrasonography in pregnancy diagnosis and monitoring has been demonstrated in other non-human primates [Nyland et al, 1984;Tarantal and Hendrickx, 1988a,b], but, to our knowledge, has not been reported in the potto.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the reproductive physiology of the potto (Perodicticus potto) through fecal hormone metabolite analyses and trans-abdominal ultrasonography

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Potto (Perodicticus potto) reproductive biology has been minimally studied. Noninvasive endocrinology and ultrasonography are proven tools for reproductive assessment in other primates. In this study, we used fecal hormone metabolite analysis to monitor one adult male potto and four females at different life stages. Validated testosterone (T), estrone conjugate (EC), and progesterone (P4) enzyme immunoassays (EIA) were used to assess male testicular function and female ovarian and placental activity. The male excreted mean T concentrations of 4.72 (±1.66) μg/g feces, that did not differ (P > 0.05) over time or when paired with alternate females. Baseline concentrations of EC (range: 47.93-78.81 ng/g feces) and P4 (range: 2.29-12.46 μg/g feces) differed among adult females. Follicular phases averaged 9.1 days (±3.43, n = 30 phases), whereas luteal phases averaged 19.89 days (±9.49, n = 19 phases). Gestation length (n = 2 pregnancies) was 170 days. Gestational EC and P4 concentrations were positively correlated (pregnancy A, r (132) = 0.71; pregnancy B, r (145) = 0.76) and returned to non-pregnant luteal phase levels 3-7 days post parturition. Extreme differences between pregnant and non-pregnant EC and P4 concentrations may allow for one-sample pregnancy diagnosis. Trans-abdominal ultrasonography was validated for pregnancy diagnosis with the fetus observed between 100 and 110 days post breeding. To our knowledge, this is the first use of fecal endocrinology and ultrasonography to monitor reproductive function and pregnancy in this species, and the only study in any lorisid to measure progestagens in correlation with reproductive events.

show abstract

Ultrasonic Assessment of Fetal Growth in the Nonhuman Primate (Macaca mulatta)

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Protective effect of pre-existing natural immunity in a nonhuman primate reinfection model of congenital cytomegalovirus infection

Protective effect of pre-existing natural immunity in a nonhuman primate reinfection model of congenital cytomegalovirus infection

An AGM Model for Changes in Complement during Pregnancy: Neutralization of Influenza Virus by Serum Is Diminished in Late Third Trimester

Assessment of the reproductive physiology of the potto (Perodicticus potto) through fecal hormone metabolite analyses and trans-abdominal ultrasonography

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About