Ultrasonic characteristics and equivalent crack width of coal and rock bodies around boreholes during progressive failure

Abstract

The ultrasonic characteristics of the coal and rock bodies around boreholes during failure are closely related to the crack propagation law. To investigate the ultrasonic characteristics and crack propagation law of coal and rock bodies around boreholes, different grouting samples with boreholes were taken to carry out ultrasonic test during progressive failure. The ultrasonic amplitude, velocity and attenuation coefficient of the samples were analyzed. According to the ultrasonic time difference formula, the equivalent crack width of the sample during the failure process is calculated. The influence of grouting material on the crack propagation law is quantitatively analyzed. The results show that: (1) The peak stress, elastic energy at the peak, ultrasonic parameters and crack propagation of the coal and rock bodies around boreholes show obvious differences influenced by the strength of the grouting material. (2) During the loading process, the arrival time of the first wave of the sample with holes is 5μs later than that of the grouting sample, and the ultrasonic energy attenuates fastest in the time domain, and the coda wave is not developed. (3) During the progressive failure, the ultrasonic velocity and attenuation coefficient of all show three stages of stability(0~0.6σp), slow change(0.6σp~0.8σp) and rapid change(0.8σp~1.0σp). According to the "sudden decrease" of velocity and the "sudden increase" of attenuation coefficient to judge the crack propagation of sample. (4) The equivalent crack width of the sample increases exponentially with the increase of stress level. At the time of reaching the peak stress, the equivalent crack width of SH-BH increases about 0.027mm~0.032mm, SH-PU about 0.01mm~0.014mm, and SH-CEM about 0.002mm~0.006mm.

Analysis of strength failure in gangue-based cementitious backfill body from a microscopic perspective

“…There are pores and cracks in the interiors of materials such as backfill body and rock masses. The characteristics and spatial distribution of the pores and cracks will affect strength, permeability, and durability [ 7 , 8 ]. Zhou [ 9 ] found that the geometric parameters of the original cracks and die angles of rock samples have a significant impact on their peak force by using a digital image correlation analysis (DIC) system and compression shear tests.…”