Ultrasonic characterization of human cancellous bone using transmission and backscatter measurements: relationships to density and microstructure

In the present study, correlations of linear and nonlinear ultrasound parameters (speed of sound, normalized broadband ultrasound attenuation, and nonlinear parameter B/A) with bone mineral density and microarchitectural parameters were investigated in 28 bovine femoral trabecular bone samples in vitro. All three ultrasound parameters exhibited relatively high correlation coefficients with the indexes of bone quantity (bone mineral density and bone volume fraction) and lower correlation coefficients with the remaining microarchitectural parameters. These results suggest that B/A, in addition to speed of sound and attenuation, may have potential as an index for the assessment of bone status and osteoporosis.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations of linear and nonlinear ultrasound parameters with density and microarchitectural parameters in trabecular bone

Lee

2013

“…Some studies have measured a parameter called broadband ultrasonic backscatter (BUB), which is the frequency averaged backscatter coefficient. BUB has been shown to be sensitive to the density, mechanical properties, and microstructure of cancellous bone (Chaffai et al, 2002;Hakulinen et al, 2004;Hakulinen et al, 2005;Hakulinen et al, 2006;Jenson et al, 2006;Padilla et al, 2008). BUB also may be sensitive to bone composition (Riekkinen et al, 2007a;Karjalainen et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A backscatter difference technique for ultrasonic bone assessment

Hoffmeister

Wilson

Gilbert

et al. 2012

Ultrasonic backscatter techniques may offer a useful approach for detecting changes in cancellous bone caused by osteoporosis and other diseases. The goal of this study was to investigate the utility of a backscatter difference technique for ultrasonic bone assessment. Measurements were performed on 22 cube-shaped specimens of human cancellous bone using four broadband transducers with center frequencies 2.25, 5, 7.5, and 10 MHz. The backscatter difference spectrum D(f) was obtained by subtracting power spectra (in dB) from two different portions of the same backscatter signal. D(f) was found to be a monotonically increasing, quasi-linear function of frequency when averaged over multiple measurement sites on multiple specimens. The frequency slope of D(f) demonstrated weak to moderate correlations with specimen density (R ¼ 0.21-0.80). The frequency averaged mean of D(f) demonstrated moderate to good correlations with density (R ¼ 0.70-0.95). These results suggest that parameters based on the frequency averaged mean of the backscatter difference spectrum may be useful for bone assessment purposes.

“…However, in this study, no significant independent association was found between structural parameters and the backscatter coefficient after adjustment for density. 20 In the present paper, we propose to use ultrasound multiple scattering (MS) to measure the anisotropy of trabecular structures. MS has been shown to occur in bone at 3 MHz for a) Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural characterization of trabecular bone using ultrasonic backscattering and diffusion parameters

Mohanty

Müller

2017

Finite differences time domain methods were utilized to simulate ultrasound propagation and scattering in anisotropic trabecular bone structures obtained from high resolution Computed Tomography (CT). The backscattered signals were collected and the incoherent contribution was extracted. The diffusion constant was calculated for propagations along and across the main direction of anisotropy, and was used to characterize the anisotropy of the trabecular microstructures. In anisotropic structures, the diffusion constant was significantly different in both directions, and the anisotropy of the diffusion constant was strongly correlated to the structural anisotropy measured on the CT images. These results indicate that metrics based on diffusion can be used to quantify the anisotropy of complex structures such as trabecular bone.