Ultrasonic cleaning of silica-coated zirconia influences bond strength between zirconia and resin luting material

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate how ultrasonic cleaning of silica-coated zirconia surfaces would influence the latter's bond strength to resin luting material. Forty zirconia specimens were divided into four groups: one air abrasion group and three silica-coated groups. Silica-coated specimens were cleaned with distilled water using an ultrasonic cleaner after tribochemical silica coating and then divided into three groups according to cleaning durations: 1 minute, 5 minutes, or without cleaning. Following which, resin luting material was polymerized against the specimens. After storage in water for 24 hours, the specimens were subjected to shear bond strength test. Shear bond strength of silica-coated group without cleaning was significantly higher than the other three groups, but there were no statistically significant differences among the three latter groups. SEM images suggested visible differences among the treatment methods. With EDXS analysis, it was revealed that ultrasonic cleaning decreased the silica content on the treated surfaces. Therefore, results showed that ultrasonic cleaning of tribochemically silica-coated zirconia surfaces decreased the adhesion efficacy to resin luting material.

Evaluation of Resin Bond Strength to Yttria-stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia and Framework Marginal Fit: Comparison of Different Surface Conditionings

“…These ''losses'' indicate greater susceptibility to degradation of the interface, and assigning an arbitrary value allows a more precise interpretation of the adhesive performance between the substrate and adhesive, preventing misinterpretations. 45 The study of bond strength of Y-TZP restorations has been the subject of several works, 9,12,[17][18][19]33,[47][48][49] as the difficulty of bonding to the adhesive cement is reported as one of the main limitations. 3,9,33 For this reason, several studies have been developed to improve the bond strength of Y-TZP ceramics to the adhesive cement using different surface conditionings, such as modifying the surface through airabrasion with particles of alumina or silica (tribosilanization) [16][17][18] zirconia primers, 12,19 glazing, 10,15 or deposition of silica films.…”

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Airborne particle abrasion with aluminum oxide or tribochemical silica coating associated with the use of silanes and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-containing resin cements were evaluated and the results were found to be contradictory. Passos and others, 16 Nishigawa and others, 17 and May and others 18 found better bond strength results when the surface was silica-coated and silanized. Matinlinna and others 19 found low and unstable bond strength results with the use of silanization as the surface treatment.…”

Bonding of Resin Materials to All-Ceramics: A Review

“…The reason was probably that silica was not strongly attached to Zirconia surface. The EDXS analysis and SEM studies showed that the coating silica on Zirconia surface could be cleaned away by ultrasonication in water or pressurized water spray (Nishigawa et al, 2008;Chen et al, 2011a), indicating that no stable chemical bond was formed between silica and zirconia. The silica was probably deposited on the Zirconia surface via weak physical force, such as vander-Waals forces, which might not be strong and stable enough in a clinical situation.…”

Resin adhesion strengths to zirconia ceramics after primer treatment with silane coupling monomer or oligomer

“…The specimens were mounted on a testing machine (Autograph AG-X, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan), and shear stress was applied onto one side of the cylindrical resin cement on each zirconia surface at a constant speed of 0.5 mm/min, in the same manner as described previously 14,15) .…”

“…The surfaces of the zirconia were ground with #600 silicon carbide abrasive paper (Struers) under water irrigation to remove pollutants and to obtain a flat uniform surface in the same manner as described previously 14,15) . In the first experiment using the silane solutions, the specimens were divided randomly into eight groups (Groups I-IV with monomer or oligomer; each n=5) based on the treatment procedure used for the zirconia surface: application of silane solution without acetic acid and no thermal treatment (Group I); application of silane solution without acetic acid followed by thermal treatment (Group II); application of silane solution with acetic acid and no thermal treatment (Group III); or application of silane solution with acetic acid followed by thermal treatment (Group IV).…”