Ultrasonic extraction optimization of stigmasterol using response surface methodology and quantification by high-performance thin-layer chromatography from <i>Tecomella undulata</i> bark

Siddiqui, Nahida; Aeri, Vidhu

doi:10.1556/1006.2017.30.1.5

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Ultrasound establishes a series of pressure waves that propagate through the liquid generating microturbulence resulting in an increase in local temperature and pressure, enhanced mass transport within porous particles, particle size reduction, and disruption of cellular material. Compared with traditional solvent extraction methods it is easily downsized, uses less solvent, is significantly faster, and usually co-extracts less matrix components [18,20,27,[37][38][39][40][41][42]. On the other hand, recoveries depend on the sample type and separation of the solid residue from the extraction solvent, and rinsing steps are required adding to the sample processing time.…”

Section: Paniculatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extraction efficiency depends on temperature, extraction time, solvent type, particle size, sample/solvent ratio, ultrasound power, and frequency. These parameters are typically screened in initial experiments (one-variable-at-a-time optimization) to identify those variables that can be assigned fixed values in the second phase of the optimization of extraction conditions using an experimental design [18,27,38,39,41,42]. Typically, ultrasound power and frequency are not continuously variable and are evaluated at the available levels, the particle size is set to the smallest convenient size, and the solvent resulting in the highest yield is chosen for further experiments.…”

Section: Paniculatementioning

confidence: 99%

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Sample preparation for planar chromatography

Poole

2023

J of Separation Science

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High‐performance thin‐layer chromatography has favorable properties for high‐throughput separations with a high matrix tolerance. Sample preparation, however, is sometimes required to control specific matrix interferences and to enhance the detectability of target compounds. Trends in contemporary applications have shifted from absorbance and fluorescence detection to methods employing bioassays and mass spectrometry. Traditional methods (shake‐flask, heat at reflux, Soxhlet, and hydrodistillation) are being challenged by automated instrumental approaches (ultrasound‐assisted and microwave‐assisted solvent extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction) and the quick, easy cheap, efficient, rugged, and safe extraction method for faster and streamlined sample processing. Liquid‐liquid extraction remains the most widely used approach for sample clean‐up with increasing competition from solid‐phase extraction. On‐layer sample, clean‐up by planar solid‐phase extraction is increasingly used for complex samples and in combination with heart‐cut multimodal systems. The automated spray‐on sample applicator, the elution head interface, biological detection of target and non‐target compounds, and straightforward mass spectrometric detection are highlighted as the main factors directing current interest toward faster and simpler sample workflows, analysis of more complex samples, and the determination of minor contaminants requiring high concentration factors.

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Section: Paniculatementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Paniculatementioning

confidence: 99%

Sample preparation for planar chromatography

Poole

2023

J of Separation Science

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“…Most immature hip cases with an α angle of 55°-60° can spontaneously develop to maturity during follow-up. Therefore, the guardians of such children can be educated to perform straddling hugs or hip abduction exercises, and eventually most of these children will return to normal during the course of development (15,16). In the followup study, 91.67% of the 24 participants treated with hip abduction exercises returned to normal, indicating that the treatment effect is good.…”

Section: Congenital Hip Dysplasia Is a Common Limb Deformity Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feasibility of ultrasound Graf method in screening infants and young children with congenital hip dysplasia and follow-up of treatment effect

Liu

Mou

Yu³

et al. 2021

Transl Pediatr

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Background: Congenital hip dysplasia is a common limb deformity in infants and young children. This study aimed to clarify the feasibility of ultrasound Graf method in screening congenital hip dysplasia of infants and young children, and its application value in follow-up treatment.Methods: A total of 1,313 infants and young children with clinically suspected congenital hip dysplasia in our hospital from December 2016 to January 2018 were selected as the participants and were examined by ultrasound Graf method. The acetabulum shape and the measured values of α and β angles of the participants were observed. The development of the hip joint and distribution of congenital hip dysplasia were analyzed, and the treatment effect was followed up.Results: Among 1,313 infants and young children with suspected congenital hip dysplasia, the positive rate of congenital hip dysplasia was 6.02% (79/1,313). The lesions were located on both sides in 14 cases, on the left side in 67 cases, and on the right side in 26 cases. The α angle of cases with congenital hip dysplasia was significantly lower than that of normal cases, and the β angle was significantly higher than that of normal cases (P<0.05). Ultrasound follow-up results showed that out of 24 cases who underwent hip abduction exercises, 22 (91.67%) returned to normal, and the remaining 2 returned to normal after Pavlik sling treatment. Among 46 cases treated with Pavlik sling, 42 (91.30%) returned to normal, and the remaining 4 cases returned to normal after closed reduction and plaster fixation. A total of 9 participants underwent plaster fixation after closed reduction, all of which returned to normal.Conclusions: Ultrasound Graf method can be used as the first choice for screening infants and young children with congenital hip dysplasia. It can be followed up to observe the clinical treatment effect, and it has high clinical application value.

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