Ultrasonic Imaging Investigation of Tongue Movement Patterns of Cleft-Related Lateralized and Palatalized Misarticulation

Abstract

natriuretic peptide (BNP) was 548.4 pg/ml and gradually increased to 979.47 pg/ml. Comprehensive data suggest that the patient has cardiac insufficiency. Control of the ventricle rate to prevent stroke. Strictly control the 24-hour access volume to avoid water and sodium retention. Give medicines to strengthen the heart, diuresis, and improve heart function.On the 11th postoperative day, the patient had a sudden decrease in consciousness and a decrease in the muscle strength of the right limb (Grade II). Computed tomography showed low-density shadows in the left cerebral hemisphere and no obvious bleeding (Fig. 2B). Computed tomography angiography showed severe stenosis and occlusion in the M2 segment of the left middle cerebral artery, and the distal branches were significantly sparser than the opposite side (Fig. 2C). Computed tomography perfusion imaging (CTP) indicates partial core infarction of the left frontotemporal parietal lobe (Fig. 2D). The patient has a history of atrial fibrillation. Acute stroke is considered for this acute attack, but CV cannot be ruled out. For differential diagnosis and treatment without delay, cerebrovascular angiography is preferred. Intraoperative angiography showed that the left posterior traffic, the middle cerebral artery slender, the blood flow was slow, and the flow rate decreased significantly. Fasudil was injected intrathecally during the operation (Fig. 2E-H). Twelve days after the occurrence of CV, CT showed edema in the left cerebral hemisphere, the midline was in the middle, and the left lateral ventricle was slightly compressed (Fig. 2I). After acute left heart failure, the patient developed multifunctional failure, abnormal coagulation function, renal insufficiency, lung infection, shock, and finally respiratory and cardiac arrest.

Electropalatographic study of connected speech in lateral misarticulation

“…LM is known to be caused by abnormal tongue movement patterns, 3,7 but tongue movement during articulation is difficult to confirm visually. Several techniques have been employed to observe tongue movement in LM, including X-rays, 6,7,12 ultrasound, [13][14][15] and electropalatography (EPG). 2,3,[5][6][7][8]12,16,17 However, X-rays are associated with radiation exposure, and ultrasound systems do not allow the synchronization of images and sound or quantified analysis.…”

Assessment Methods and Intervention Strategies for Cleft-Related Lateral Misarticulation in Chinese-Speaking Children

“…C left-related lateral misarticulation is a common type of speech sound disorder (SSD) and also common speech disorder after cleft palate surgery, 1 and children with it have difficulty understanding semantics compared to other children of the same age. [2][3][4] It has been reported that children over 2 years old should have a clarity rate of around 50%, and those aged 2-2, and 6 should be able to speak more than 50 single words or phrases.…”

“…12 This type of speech disorder after cleft palate surgery is very common in preschoolers and adolescents. 1 In daily clinics, patients who seek medical treatment are children with speech or language problems, which seriously affect their learning, life, communication, and interaction. 13 In this study, we randomly selected 126 children who were diagnosed with lateral misarticulation after cleft palate surgery and received treatment at the Speech and Language Disorder Diagnosis and Treatment Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from 2021 to 2023.…”

“…Children with SSD are specific, and the severity of their unclear speech, the characteristics of their speech errors in cognitive and language abilities, and their response to speech intervention are also different, 2,11 and most children with SSD have this condition without any impairments in sensory, neural, organizational structure and psychological conditions 12 . This type of speech disorder after cleft palate surgery is very common in preschoolers and adolescents 1 . In daily clinics, patients who seek medical treatment are children with speech or language problems, which seriously affect their learning, life, communication, and interaction 13 .…”