Ultrasonic technique to determine particle size and concentration in slurry systems

Shukla, Amit; Prakash, Anand

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2005.11.027

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Zheng and Zhang (2004) reported that sound energy loses faster in an inhomogeneous system compared to that of a homogeneous one. Shukla and Prakash (2006) successfully employed the ultrasonic spectroscopy technique to measure particle concentration in dense solid-liquid systems. This non-invasive technique can be applicable to opaque systems as well.…”

Section: Particle Concentration Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Solids Suspension and Dispersion in Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids With the Coaxial Mixers

Mishra

2024

Preprint

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Achieving a high degree of solid dissemination at optimum power consumption in a liquid-solid system is a challenging task. No information is available in the literature regarding slurry suspension in dense systems, slurry suspension and dissemination in non-Newtonian fluids, and suspension and distribution of poly-disperse solids in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, using coaxial mixers. The prime objectives of this study were aimed at assessing the mixing capability of a coaxial system comprised of a central axial-flow impeller with a high rotating speed and an outer anchor with a low rotating speed in suspending and dispersing solid particles in water (Newtonian) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solutions (non-Newtonian) using flow visualization (electrical resistance tomography), numerical (computational fluid dynamics), and statistical (response surface methodology) techniques. The goal also included examining the suitability of a coaxial mixer in suspending the polydisperse particles in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. The 2D images acquired by ERT and CFD methodologies were utilized in creating solid concentration profiles. Different mixing indexes were employed to analyze the impacts of both solid concentration gradients (axial and radial) on the degree of solids distribution. The mixingcapability of thecoaxial mixingsystemwas comparedtothat of a traditional single impeller system in terms of the degree of axial homogeneity with respect to total power drawn. RSM was utilized to determine the optimum design parameters and conditions to achieve the best suspension quality inside the coaxial reactors. The effects of different factors namely solids content, central impeller speed, anchor speed, CMC concentration, central impeller types, central impeller spacing, poly-disperse ratio, particle size, solid specific gravity, and rotating mode on the suspension and dispersion phenomena were comprehensively analyzed. The results demonstrated that the coaxial mixer facilitated

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Section: Particle Concentration Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Solids Suspension and Dispersion in Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids With the Coaxial Mixers

Mishra

2024

Preprint

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“…With ultrasound offering non-invasive, fast and potentially no sample dilution required attractions, such a technique based particle sizing is receiving great attentions from the industry world and the academic community Goetz, 1996, 2002;Povey, 1997Povey, , 2000Babick et al, 1998;Challis et al, 2005;Shukla and Prakash, 2006). The principle of ultrasound particle sizing technique is to measure the attenuation of ultrasound in terms of frequency as acoustic waves propagate through the particle suspensions and then invert the attenuation into particle size distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Application of ultrasound spectroscopy for nanoparticle sizing in high concentration suspensions: A factor analysis on the effects of concentration and frequency

Liu

2009

Chemical Engineering Science

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“…In this work, we report for the first time, an ultrasound-based technique to determine mixing time in an unbaffled vortex mixer incorporating a magnetic needle coupled to an external magnetic drive. Ultrasound technique (UT) has been widely used in process applications spanning a wide range of applications like determination of bubble size and density in bubble columns, , liquid hold up in solvent extraction contactors, , estimation of solid concentration in stirred tanks, estimation of liquid levels in a multiphase system, − estimation of solution concentrations, and determination of physical properties of fluids , to name a few. In a few manifestations, UT has been used to determine residence time distribution in the flow of polymer melt through an extruder. , However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no report on application of UT in determining mixing time in vortex reactors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Based Noninvasive Estimation of Mixing Time in a Vortex Reactor

Sen

Mukherjee

Singh

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A vortex reactor represents an important class of equipment in chemical processing industries pertaining to crystallization and precipitation. They are characterized by the presence of a vortex generated due to rotation of a centrally placed impeller/magnetic needle at its center. The addition of reactants into the vortex leads to their mixing under forced vortex conditions. Estimation of mixing time in such reactors is essential for the proper design of reactors. In this work, we propose a novel technique to estimate the mixing time in a vortex reactor using an ultrasonic technique. As tracer is injected into the bulk liquid being stirred, there is a change in the speed of sound of the liquid in the vessel. This dynamic variation of sound velocity is acquired and analyzed to determine mixing time as well as the dynamics of mixing process of the tracer. A frequency of 40 Hz is achieved which leads to estimation of mixing dynamics with high time resolution. Validity of the proposed technique is ensured by comparing mixing time against that determined using a conventional dye based photographic technique. The proposed technique is thereafter used to determine mixing time and mixing dynamics under different operating (needle rotational speed and liquid head) and geometrical (needle and vessel diameter) conditions.

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Ultrasonic technique to determine particle size and concentration in slurry systems

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Investigation of the Solids Suspension and Dispersion in Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids With the Coaxial Mixers

Investigation of the Solids Suspension and Dispersion in Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids With the Coaxial Mixers

Application of ultrasound spectroscopy for nanoparticle sizing in high concentration suspensions: A factor analysis on the effects of concentration and frequency

Ultrasound Based Noninvasive Estimation of Mixing Time in a Vortex Reactor

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