Ultrasonic Testing of Materials

Krautkrämer, Josef; Krautkrämer, Herbert

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-10680-8

Cited by 799 publications

(543 citation statements)

References 242 publications

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“…This compared favorably with published values of butyl rubber and neoprene rubber, which are 2.0 and 1.7 x 10^m /s, respectively (Table 7) [21]. As another point for comparison, a general value for vulcanized rubber given in a text book is 2.3 x 10^m /s [22] . Table 7 also includes acoustic impedance values, which is the product of sound velocity and density of a material.…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

Pulse-echo ultrasonic evaluation of the integrity of seams of single-ply roofing membranes:

Watanabe¹,

Rossiter²

1990

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supporting

confidence: 76%

Pulse-echo ultrasonic evaluation of the integrity of seams of single-ply roofing membranes:

Watanabe¹,

Rossiter²

1990

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“…where 1 Z is the acoustic impedance of the region in which the wave is approaching the interface, 2 Z is the acoustic impedance of the region beyond the interface. When the region beyond the interface is a specimen assuming the acoustic impedance of the incident side region, the reflectance R becomes zero.…”

Section: Powder Immersion Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immersion testing is one type of ultrasonic testing method (1) . The sound waves from a transducer are coupled to a test object with water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Testing of Engineering Plastics Using Aluminum Powder Coupling

Mori¹,

Hashimura²,

Era³

et al. 2015

The Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Industrial Application Engineering 2015

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A new immersion testing method has been developed where the water of the conventional method has been replaced with powder, specifically in this study aluminum powder. In this new method, objects are ultrasonically tested while immersed in pressurized powder. In this paper engineering plastics were tested using this method. The acoustic impedance of the aluminum powder and the test objects match each other greatly reducing the elastic wave reflections.

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“…The loss of energy in an ultrasonic wave propagating through a medium can be attributed chiefly to scattering and absorption [7]. The overall attenuating eftect depends greatly on the type and structure of the material and its pretreatment.…”

Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intensity of the sound wave, which decreases only as a result of attenuation can be written in the form of an exponential function [7] (1) where A is the received echo amplitude, A o is the initial amplitude in the insonified medium, dis the distance traveled by the sound and a is the attenuation coefficient. The attenuation coefficient can be separated into two components, an absorption coefficient and a scattering coefficient, (2) The absorption loss varies directly with frequency:…”

Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Bandpass Filtering in Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Testing

Murthy

Bilgutay

Saniie

1989

Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation

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LNTRODUCTIONUltrasonie nondestructive testing oflarge grained materials is limited by the ability of the detection process to distinguish the flaw signals from the backscattered grain boundary echoes. This coherent grain noise often masks the echo from inhomogeneities and defects in the material. Absorption and scattering effects further reduce the ultrasound energy leading to poor signal-to-noise ratio in the received signal. It is not possible to reduce the grain clutter by conventional time averaging techniques due to its coherent nature. Different algorithms utilizing the principles of frequency diversity and spatial diversity have been used in the past for signal-to-noise ratio enhancement. In NDE applications where the noise is primarily due to Rayleigh scattering, it can be shown that flaw detection can be improved significantly by merely bandpass filtering the lower part of the received wideband echo spectrum. Both theoretical and experimental results are presented to support this conclusion. The filtering technique is successfully tested on materials with different grain sizes. The main advantage of this method is its relative simplicity, which eliminates the need for sophisticated and computationally intensive signal processing algorithms. Furthermore, this technique allows simple hardware implementation for real-time applications. The optimal parameters, i.e., the center frequency and bandwidth of the bandpass filter are experimentally determined.

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Ultrasonic Testing of Materials

Cited by 799 publications

References 242 publications

Pulse-echo ultrasonic evaluation of the integrity of seams of single-ply roofing membranes:

Pulse-echo ultrasonic evaluation of the integrity of seams of single-ply roofing membranes:

Ultrasonic Testing of Engineering Plastics Using Aluminum Powder Coupling

Application of Bandpass Filtering in Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Testing

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