Ultrasonographic analysis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children: a report of 55 cases

Abstract

Objective To explore the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and treatment of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in children. Method The clinical and imaging features of 55 children with pathologically confirmed LCH were retrospectively analyzed. Results Thirteen patients had bone LCH and 42 had multisystem LCH. Among the 13 cases of bone LCH, 8 cases involving the skull and 2 involving the scapula were characterized by osteolytic bone destruction, 1 case involving the clavicle and 1 involving the iliac bone showed multiple irregular bone destruction, and 1 case involving the tibia showed local hypoechoic cortical bone. Soft tissue echo filling was present in the local areas of bone destruction. Among the 42 cases of multisystem LCH, 33 involved the bone, 35 showed an enlarged liver, 15 involved the spleen, 2 involved the pancreas, 3 involved the lung, 3 involved the thymus, and 21 affected the lymph nodes in different regions. Conclusions Ultrasonography of the flat bones in children with LCH mainly showed punched-out osteolytic bone destruction. Long bone lesions were characterized by fan shell changes in the endosteum of long bones, and some also showed bone destruction. Multisystem LCH can affect almost any organ. Ultrasonography is important for early diagnosis.

Challenging diagnosis of male intraductal papilloma masquerading as eccrine hidradenoma in the breast: Case report

“…Typically, CCH can be categorized into 3 types: cystic and solid mixed-type, solid mass type, and thick-walled cystic type. [ 8 ] CCH lesions may display diverse surface colors, including red, blue, normal skin color, and brown. Although CCH primarily manifests in the skin of the scalp, face, anterior trunk, and limbs, literature reports suggest its occurrence in the breast as well.…”

“…Although CCH primarily manifests in the skin of the scalp, face, anterior trunk, and limbs, literature reports suggest its occurrence in the breast as well. [ 8 , 9 ] Breast CCH is rare, and some studies have indicated that it may coexist with both eccrine sweat glands and mammary ducts. [ 10 ] When CCH is situated within the mammary duct, its ultrasound appearance manifests as a cystic lesion within the deep breast tissue.…”