Ultrasonographic Measurements of Joint Cartilage Thickness in Healthy Children: Age- and Sex-Related Standard Reference Values

Spannow, Anne Helene; Pfeiffer-Jensen, Mogens; Andersen, Niels Trolle; Herlin, Troels; Stenbøg, Elisabeth

doi:10.3899/jrheum.100101

Cited by 97 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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Section: Inflammatory and Degenerative Arthropathiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…US measurements of cartilage thickness in target joints of healthy children have been validated against MRI [36,37]. In addition, age-and sex-specific normal reference intervals for cartilage thickness of the knee, ankle, wrist and finger joints have recently been published [36,37]. Finally, US is an excellent means to distinguish between articular synovitis and tenosynovitis [38] and to guide the aspiration and injection of steroids into joints, minimising the risk of inadvertent leakage of steroids into the surrounding soft tissues [39].…”

Section: Inflammatory and Degenerative Arthropathiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Paediatric musculoskeletal US beyond the hip joint

et al. 2011

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US is a technique particularly suited to the investigation of musculoskeletal disorders in children and adolescents. This review paper describes a range of clinical settings beyond the hip joint where US has a significant role to play, including sports injuries, infectious diseases, inflammatory and degenerative conditions, congenital and developmental disorders, acute trauma of bone and joints, and peripheral nerve injuries. In some circumstances, US can be regarded as the most effective means of diagnostic imaging, whereas in other instances, it is an alternative or supplement to other more comprehensive imaging modalities, like MRI and CT. Although MRI offers superior soft-tissue contrast resolution, US is low-cost, non-invasive and has higher spatial resolution and real-time capability for the assessment of musculoskeletal structures during joint movement and stress manoeuvres.Keywords Ultrasound . Musculoskeletal system . Trauma . Child High-resolution US is particularly well suited to examine the paediatric musculoskeletal system. An exquisite depiction of the immature skeleton and soft tissues can be obtained in a well-tolerated and non-invasive way without using ionising radiation or sedation. Although US has been widely used in the diagnosis of hip disorders in children, many other applications for US of the paediatric musculoskeletal system have been developed [1,2]. Over other imaging techniques, US is ideally suited for the evaluation of tendons, muscles, joints, ligaments and nerves. In addition, it may provide specific information on bone and cartilage. In this article, we review the use of US in a variety of musculoskeletal applications beyond the hip, including sports injuries, infectious diseases, inflammatory and degenerative conditions, congenital and developmental disorders, acute trauma of bone and joints, and peripheral nerve injuries. Sports-related injuries Apophyseal injuriesIn children and adolescents, apophyseal injuries are commonly related to sporting and recreational activities. Especially in the age range between 12 and 16 years, the ossification centres of most apophyses are still immature and the cartilage, under hormonal influence, loses elasticity and is unable to give firm stability to the osteotendinous junction. Hence, the rough shear or torsion forces exercised upon them by tendons and ligaments can overcome the threshold of cartilage and bone resistance causing fragmenDisclaimer The supplement this article is part of is not sponsored by the industry. Dr.

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Section: Inflammatory and Degenerative Arthropathiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inflammatory and Degenerative Arthropathiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paediatric musculoskeletal US beyond the hip joint

et al. 2011

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“…In this issue of The Journal, Spannow and colleagues have taken an important first step in delineating normal ranges of cartilage thickness in healthy children 11 . In nearly 400 individuals aged between 7 and 16 years, 3940 joints were assessed by US.…”

Section: Rheumatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Altogether, Spannow and colleagues' normative data on US assessments of cartilage in children 11 and normative data on other US features such as greyscale and power Doppler are important and will form the basis for any study looking into pathology in inflammatory and noninflammatory joint diseases, as well as for decisions in routine clinical practice.…”

Section: Rheumatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Standardized Ultrasound Measurements of Cartilage Thickness in Children: Figure 1.

Larché¹,

Roth²

2010

J Rheumatol

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“…Their initial study in 2009 assessed intrarater and interrater reliability when measuring cartilage thickness in children by US 3 . In 2010, they looked at a large cohort of 394 normal children and developed sex-and age-related normal values for cartilage thickness 4 . The finding that normal values varied by sex and age was also validated by our group using a slightly different technique 5 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound and Cartilage Thickness in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: New Findings, New Questions

Janow

Ilowite²

2013

J Rheumatol

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Ultrasonographic Measurements of Joint Cartilage Thickness in Healthy Children: Age- and Sex-Related Standard Reference Values

Abstract: Using US, we established age- and sex-related normal reference intervals for cartilage thickness of the knee, ankle, wrist, and MCP and PIP joints in 7- to 16-year-old children, and designed a formula for calculating hyaline cartilage thickness in all age groups throughout childhood.

Cited by 97 publications

References 25 publications

Paediatric musculoskeletal US beyond the hip joint

Paediatric musculoskeletal US beyond the hip joint

Toward Standardized Ultrasound Measurements of Cartilage Thickness in Children: Figure 1.

Ultrasound and Cartilage Thickness in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: New Findings, New Questions

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