Ultrasonographically detected renal fusion anomalies in Western Region of Nepal

Abstract

To establish the incidence and patterns of renal fusion anomalies based on Ultrasonography (USG) in Western region of Nepal. In 2 years period, patients undergoing abdominal USG at Gandaki Medical College between 2010 and 2012 were screened for renal fusion anomalies. After identification, incidence and male:female ratio were stratified for total renal fusion anomalies, horseshoe kidney, crossed fused ectopia and fused pelvic kidney. Out of 31498 patients who underwent abdominal USG, there were 71(1:444) cases of renal fusion anomalies, 61 (1:516) of horseshoe kidneys, 9 (1:3500) of crossed-fused ectopia and 1 (1:31498) of fused pelvic kidney. Male:Female ratio was 1:2 for horseshoe kidney and 1.25:1 for crossed fused ectopia. Renal fusion anomalies are rare congenital malformation. USG is a sensitive and reliable modality for its detection. Horseshoe kidney is the most common renal fusion anomaly followed by crossed fused ectopia. Our ultrasonograhic evaluation for incidence of renal fusion anomalies closely matches past autopsy and radiographic data.

Horseshoe Kidney: A Multidetector Computed Tomography Study

“…The gender ratio was also high with 6 males to 1 female and similar such observation was reported by others also [17]. In contrast, an ultrasonographic study from Nepal has reported an incidence of 1 in 516 (61 horseshoe kidneys out of 31498 patients screened, 0.2%) with male to female ratio of 1:2 (20 males.41 females) which is just the reverse of ratio reported in the literature and this could be due to more number of females undergoing ultrasonography [19].…”

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Occupational Voice Disorders in Nepalese Teachers: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…There are 98 public schools and 121 private schools in the Chitwan district. 28 However, no organized attempt has been made to collect data on the teachers' health issues in relation to their voice. This can lead to underdiagnosis of the problem and lack of timely intervention.…”