Ultrasonography of Blood During Stasis and Coagulation

Sigel, Bernard; Jc, Coelho; Dg, Spigos; Flanigan, D. Preston; Jj, Schuler; Do, Kasprisin; Lm, Nyhus; Capek,

doi:10.1097/00004424-198101000-00013

Cited by 179 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Recently, it has been noted that hemostasis can be observed by echocardiography as smokelike echoes. [5][6][7][8] Smokelike echoes are frequently observed in clinical and experimental cases of myocardial infarction, especially in the infarct region.9-1" A high incidence of thrombus has also been proven in cases with such echoes. Although hemostasis can be observed as smokelike echoes, the mechanism of regional hemostasis in acute myocardial infarction has not been elucidated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Abnormal blood pathways in left ventricular cavity in acute myocardial infarction. Experimental observations with special reference to regional wall motion abnormality and hemostasis.

et al. 1988

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To elucidate the mechanism of regional hemostasis in the left ventricular (LV) cavity during myocardial infarction, the blood pathway in LV cavity was examined with contrast echocardiography injected from the left atrium before and after coronary ligation in nine canines. Before coronary ligation, contrast echoes spread over LV cavity with one rush. After ligation, smokelike echoes indicating hemostasis were observed at the apical middle of the LV cavity in five dogs with apical akinesis and at the apical area in four dogs with apical dyskinesis. The contrast echoes did not reach the apex within one diastolic period but turned upward to the outflow tract in the middle of the cavity in all dogs. In the cardiac beats that followed, some contrast echoes spread slowly toward the apex, forming a thin layer along the posterior wall in cases with akinesis but not in cases with dyskinesis. The area separated from the blood pathway developed where the smokelike echoes had been developed. Tachycardia exaggerated the abnormality of blood pathway and widened the contrast echo-free area. The abnormal pathway of the blood in apical myocardial infarction develops hemostasis in the apex. This should be one of the mechanisms of thrombus formation in myocardial infarction. (Circulation 1988;78:157-164)

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confidence: 99%

Abnormal blood pathways in left ventricular cavity in acute myocardial infarction. Experimental observations with special reference to regional wall motion abnormality and hemostasis.

et al. 1988

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“…Echoes fron\ stagnant blood could not he detected at a low frequency (:3 .. 5 :\1Hz), but \\'ere visible at a higher frequency (7 .. 5 :\I Hz). 10 Echoes of th e dot deteeted with .5-:\lll z, 7.5-:\IH z, and 10-:\lllz transdueers were not observed with 2.2.5-or :3..5-:\IHz transdueers, except fi>r the echoes at tlw interfi.lee between the dot and sentm. 2 Echoe s registered from fre s h blood originate mostly from red cells 11 and red cell aggregate!>.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…2 and Sigel et a!. 10 ha\'e reported on ho\\' cchogenicity is dependent on the transducer frecjuency. Echoes fron\ stagnant blood could not he detected at a low frequency (:3 .. 5 :\1Hz), but \\'ere visible at a higher frequency (7 .. 5 :\I Hz).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Correlation of the echogenicity and structure of clotted blood.

Alanen¹,

Kormano²

1985

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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The echogenicity of clotting human blood in sterile plastic bags was studied for up to 21 clays and con·elatecl with the histology of the clots. As observed with a 6-MHz A-scanner and a 5-MHz real-time gray-scale scanner, fresh blood and fresh clots were rich in internal echoes. The blood clot gradually became anechoic as a result of erythrocyte packing, hemolysis, and formation of fibrin thrombus, except for the irregular upper border, which also remained histologically inhomogeneous. This study shows that the echogenicity of a hematoma or clot is dependent on its histology; namely, on the distribution and integrity of cells within the clot.

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“…In patient 3, transesophageal echocardiography revealed a spontaneous echo contrast in the right atrium nearby a nonconlractile zone where there was slow blood flow. The presence of fibrinogen plus erythrocytes is needed to create echogenicity of static liquid blood [13]. These spontaneous echo contrasts arc considered as markers of increased thromboembolic risk and constitute probably a prestage of thrombus [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Familial Sick Sinus Disease: Another Mendelian Etiology of Stroke

Philippe¹,

Bogousslavsky²,

Ménétrey³

et al. 1993

Cerebrovasc Dis

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We report a man, his brother and daughter, who all had sick sinus syndrome (SSS) responsible for stroke or transient ischemic attacks. All 3 individuals had episodes of total sinus arrest with secondary atrioventricular junctional rhythm and transient bouts of tachyarrhythmia. Transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated spontaneous echo contrast in a noncontractile atrial zone in the daughter. Familial SSS is an uncommon mendelian etiology of stroke.

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Ultrasonography of Blood During Stasis and Coagulation

Cited by 179 publications

References 0 publications

Abnormal blood pathways in left ventricular cavity in acute myocardial infarction. Experimental observations with special reference to regional wall motion abnormality and hemostasis.

Abnormal blood pathways in left ventricular cavity in acute myocardial infarction. Experimental observations with special reference to regional wall motion abnormality and hemostasis.

Correlation of the echogenicity and structure of clotted blood.

Familial Sick Sinus Disease: Another Mendelian Etiology of Stroke

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