Ultrasonography of the thyroid gland in hospitalized, chronically III geriatric patients: Thyroid volume, its relationship to age and disease, and the prevalence of diffuse and nodular goiter

Gönczi, J; Szabolcs, I.; Kovács, Z; Kákosy, T; Góth, Miklós; Szilágyi, G.

doi:10.1002/jcu.1870220408

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In a Hungarian geriatric population a significant decrease in ultrasonographically determined thyroid size was found that correlated with the severity of chronic disease (19). In earlier ultrasound studies Hegedu È s had already reported that thyroid size can be influenced by NTI (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Thyroid morphology in lethal non-thyroidal illness: a post-mortem study

Jongh

Jöbsis²,

Elte³

2001

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Non-thyroidal illness (NTI) is associated with alterations in thyroid hormone metabolism. Whether morphological changes of the thyroid gland accompany NTI is unknown. The aim of the present study was to describe thyroid morphology in patients with lethal non-thyroidal disease. Design: In an autopsy study 267 cases have been examined. Methods: Clinical data were obtained from medical records. Subjects were patients with chronic disease (group A), intensive care patients (group B) or persons who had died suddenly without preexisting illnesses (group C). Patients (n 93) who did not fit into one of these categories and subjects with pre-existing thyroid disorders were excluded. Thyroid histology was assessed semi-quantitatively: grade I ,25%, grade II 25±50% or grade III .75% occupation of the thyroid gland by follicles with a diameter ,200 mm. Results: Mean thyroid weight was 19.9 g in group A (n 75Y age 19±96 (median 75) years, 48 males); 25.7 g in group B (n 64Y age 24±93 (median 69) years, 43 males); and 26.0 g in group C (n 35Y age 31±89 (median 69) years, 22 males) (P , 0X0005Y A vs B/C). Grade I thyroid histology was present in 6 out of 75 patients with chronic illness, in 3 out of 64 intensive care patients and in 33 out of 35 sudden-death subjects. Grade III thyroid histology occurred in 30 out of 75 chronically ill patients, in 17 out of 64 intensive care patients and in 0 out of 35 sudden-death subjects (P , 0X0005Y C vs A/B). Conclusions: NTI is associated with reduced thyroid follicular size that is accompanied by lower thyroid weight in chronically ill patients but not significantly in intensive care patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Thyroid morphology in lethal non-thyroidal illness: a post-mortem study

Jongh

Jöbsis²,

Elte³

2001

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…In a clinical context, overt hypothyroidism is preceded by a period of subclinical thyroid dysfunction, with a range of nonspecific symptoms that can be confounded with other geriatric syndromes (27) and may, as a consequence, be undertreated (28,29). According to some authors, the volume of the thyroid decreases with aging (6)(7)(8)24). Although the mean thyroid volume in the overall cohort was deemed appropriate according to the criteria adopted in our study, we observed that 20.5% of our oldest-old individuals had a reduced thyroid volume and 1.2% had goiter (> 20 mL).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic assessment of thyroid volume in oldest-old individuals

Duarte

Araújo

Filho

et al. 2017

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between thyroid volume and age, gender, anthropometric characteristics, and echogenicity in oldest-old subjects in an iodine-sufficient area. Subjects and methods: The study included 81 independent elderly individuals aged ≥ 80 years (65 [80.2%] women). We determined these individuals' anthropometric characteristics, body mass index (BMI), and lean body mass, as well as thyroid volume and echogenicity by ultrasonography. Results: We observed that octogenarians and nonagenarians had different profiles of thyroid echogenicity. The volume of the thyroid was smaller in nonagenarians than octogenarians (p = 0.012, r = 0.176), and subjects aged 80-89 years had more often hypoechoic glands than those aged ≥ 90 years (p = 0.01 versus 0.602). Conclusion: The identification of ultrasonographic differences in oldestold individuals will contribute to establishing preclinical markers, such as echogenicity, to identify individuals at risk of developing autoimmune thyroid disease. Future prospective studies should identify if 80-89-year-old individuals with hypoechoic glands progress to hypothyroidism, and if the absence of changes in echogenicity (i.e. a normal thyroid parenchyma) would have a positive impact on longevity among nonagenarians. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017;61(3):269-75.

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“…This indicates thyroid atrophy. In hospitalized euthyroid geriatric patients, the thyroid volume is also decreased, and patients in bad health display a smaller thyroid volume than those in good health 269 . However, in patients with AN there is no correlation between thyroid volume and lean body mass 267 .…”

Section: The Thyroid Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Endocrine Disturbances in Anorexia Nervosa

Støving¹,

Hangaard²,

Hagen³

2001

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

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The marked endocrine changes that occur in anorexia nervosa have aroused a great deal of interest, and over the last decade much research has been conducted in this field. The endocrine disturbances are not specific to this disorder, as they also occur in starvation states secondary to other causes, and they return to normal upon weight restoration. However, emaciation may have profound effects on psychological processes, establishing an intricate circular interaction whereby somatic and psychological manifestations of starvation may continue to act. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the large body of literature concerning endocrine aspects of anorexia nervosa with the main focus on the latest results, which provide leads for potential etiological theories.

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Ultrasonography of the thyroid gland in hospitalized, chronically III geriatric patients: Thyroid volume, its relationship to age and disease, and the prevalence of diffuse and nodular goiter

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Thyroid morphology in lethal non-thyroidal illness: a post-mortem study

Thyroid morphology in lethal non-thyroidal illness: a post-mortem study

Ultrasonographic assessment of thyroid volume in oldest-old individuals

Update on Endocrine Disturbances in Anorexia Nervosa

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