Ultrasound: Analysis and Experimental Methods in Biological Research

Fry, William J.; Dunn, F.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4831-6742-8.50013-6

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…111 Here the average fetal and pup weights per litter, as well as the individual specimen weights, were considered, and it was found that of all the weighing days, viz., 18,21,29, and 42 days post conception (dpc), the only statistically significant weight difference between exposed and sham-exposed groups occurred for the 21 dpc weighing, and then only for the individual specimen weighings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound biologic effects: a suggestion of strain specificity.

O’Brien

Januzik

Dunn

1982

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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Pregnant hybrid LAF 1 /j mice were exposed to continuous-wave ultrasonic energy at a frequency of 1 MHz at a spatial peak intensity of either 2.5 W/cm 2 or 0 W/cm 2 (sham) for 20 seconds on the eighth day of gestation. Fetal weight (day 18 of gestation) and postpartum pup weight (21, 29 and 42 days post conception) were determined. No significant differences in weight were observed. This result differs from findings in others studies using outbred mouse strains. It is suggested that hybrid mice exposed to ultrasonic energy in utero may be more resistant to alterations in fetal and pup weight progression as compared with outbred strains. (Key words: experimental model; fetal weight, mouse strain specificity.)In recent years, studies have been conducted on animal systems to obtain information believed useful for estimating possible effects of ultrasound on human patients undergoing clinical diagnostic procedures. It is our view that these studies can be divided into two general categories. In the first cat• egory are those studies for which some aspect of the exposure conditions may have been chosen to approximate, in some way, an aspect of prevailing clinical conditions, but with no specific pathologic endpoint fore-identified (or specified) to be observed. The general demeanor of these studies is the lack of finding any effect attributable to the ultrasonic exposure(s), with the attendant conclusion that the clinical application of ultrasound is either with or without some risk. This argument is often considered strengthened by the fact that the duplication of clinical conditions for animal exposures in the laboratory involved either continuous-wave or long pulse regimens, rather than the extremely short pulse regimens employed in clinical diagnostic procedures. The following studies, though not exhaustive, are considered to fall into the abovedescribed category: Takeuchi et al. Smyth. 7 There have also been studies, which could be included in this category, for which effects were observed following ultrasonic exposure but which involved greatly

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound biologic effects: a suggestion of strain specificity.

O’Brien

Januzik

Dunn

1982

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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“…It was only with the development of surgical techniques for use on the central nervous system and in the treatment of Meniere's disease that a clear need arose for precise dosimetric techniques (Fry and Dunn, 1962;Wells et al, 1963). Subsequently some progress has been made towards developing more general methods for dosimetry in medical ultrasonic beams (Hill, 1970) and the first detailed review of the subject has recently been published (Reid and Sikov, 1972).…”

Section: Physical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Medical ultrasonics: an historical review

Hill¹

1973

BJR

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The technology of ultrasonics has grown up over the past 50 years and, almost from the start, there has been considerable interest in applying the radiation-like properties of ultrasound for medical purposes in modes analogous to those familiar with ionizing radiation. Until recently, at least, much of the development in this field has been on a superficial level and without reference to any scientific understanding of the situation. This has been particularly the case in attempts to use ultrasound therapeutically and, in the diagnostic field, which is historically a more recent development, very considerable advances may be expected in the future as the full potential of the subject is realized.

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“…A noteworthy device, which is becoming increasingly popular in the measurement of lithotripsy fields, is the elastic sphere radiometer [51,52]. The acoustic radiation force on the sphere can be used to obtain spatial average and almost-point measurements, depending on the relative dimension of sphere and acoustic beam.…”

Section: (Hi) Other Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%