Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging of the Kidney: Basic Concepts and Protocols

Meyer, Sandra; Fuchs, Dieter; Meier, Martin

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_7

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common problems in critically ill patients in the clinic as well as one of the adverse prognostic factors [ 1 ]. AKI can be caused by various factors, such as hypovolemia, shock, major surgery, trauma, and heart failure, of which sepsis is the most common [ 2 ]. AKI patients generally need to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Doppler Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Renal Function in Patients with Sepsis

Zhao

et al. 2022

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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This study was aimed to explore the renal Doppler ultrasound in the evaluation of renal function in patients with sepsis. Fifty patients with sepsis or septic shock were classified into the acute kidney injury (AKI) group (n =25) and the non-AKI group (n =25) according to whether they had AKI. The measurements of renal resistance index (RRI) and power Doppler ultrasound (PDU) were performed on all patients within 7 days of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). The patient’s renal function was assessed. The results showed that the RRI of the two groups showed a slight upward trend over time, and the RRI of the AKI group was higher than that of the non-AKI group. After 7 days in AKI group, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of RRI were 0.745, 0.683, 0.729, 0.856, 0.793, 0.819, and 0.836 (P <0.05). There were no statistically considerable differences in areas under ROC curves between the two groups (P >0.05). The grouping of AKI and the time were both fixed effects, and the individual patients were randomized effects. Besides, the linear models were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the differences between the two groups were statistically insignificant (P >0.05). There was no significant difference in the PDU scores measured at different times within 7 days after ICU admission between the two groups (P >0.05). In conclusion, renal Doppler ultrasound had a good adoption effect in the evaluation of the renal function of patients with severe sepsis, which is worth promoting in clinical practice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Doppler Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Renal Function in Patients with Sepsis

Zhao

et al. 2022

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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“…The above evidence from RDUS indicated significant renal injury before the pathological confirmations. Our results suggested that, as a certain predictive indicating index in clinical practice ( Meyer et al, 2021 ), RDUS showed its advantage in evaluating renal injury in the DKD rat model. Our RDUS results also suggested that the improvement of interlobar artery PSV, MV, and EDV were consistent with the improvement of renal pathology in DKD rats after chaga intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The main measurement indicators include a decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), an increase in albuminuria, the thickening of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and the presence of advanced mesangial matrix expansion, arteriolar hyalinosis, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis ( Brosius et al, 2009 ). A noninvasive, robust, and reproducible method to image arteriolar microangiopathy is provided with renal Doppler ultrasound (RDUS), which can give better insight into the structure, function, and physiology of an animal’s kidney ( Meyer et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Protective Effects of Inonotus obliquus on High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Kidney Disease Rats: Biochemical, Color Doppler Ultrasound and Histopathological Evidence

et al. 2022

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Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the current leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Inonotus obliquus (chaga), a medicinal fungus, has been used in treatment of diabetes. Here, we aim to identify the renal protective effects of chaga extracts on a DKD rat model which was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection. During the total 17-weeks experiment, the biological parameters of serum and urine were examined, and the color Doppler ultrasound of renal artery, the periodic acid-Schiff staining, and electron microscopy of kidney tissue were performed. The compositions of chaga extracts were analyzed and the intervention effects of the extracts were also observed. Compared with the normal control group, the biochemical research showed that insulin resistance was developed, blood glucose and total cholesterol were elevated, urinary protein excretion and serum creatinine levels were significantly increased in the DKD model. The ultrasound examinations confirmed the deteriorated blood flow parameters of the left renal interlobar artery in the rat models. Finally, histopathological data supported renal injury on the thickened glomerular basement membrane and fusion of the foot processes. 8 weeks intervention of chaga improved the above changes significantly, and the 100 mg/kg/d chaga group experienced significant effects compared with the 50 mg/kg/d in some parameters. Our findings suggested that Doppler ultrasound examinations guided with biochemical indicators played important roles in evaluating the renal injury as an effective, noninvasive, and repeatable method in rats. Based on biochemical, ultrasound, and histopathological evidence, we confirmed that chaga had pharmacodynamic effects on diabetes-induced kidney injury and the aforementioned effects may be related to delaying the progression of DKD.

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“…49,50 Other experiments have shown that renal function shows a significant positive correlation with PSV and EDV levels in the intrarenal artery and a negative correlation with RI and PI. 51,52 Some investigators have suggested that the change in MV should be a more sensitive indicator because MV varies with hemodynamic resistance, which is consistent with Poiseuille's law. 53 Our study showed for the first time that the parameters PSV, MV, EDV and RI and PI obtained in the interlobar renal arteries of DN rats were more significantly altered than those obtained in the main and segmental arteries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

TNF-α and IL-1β Promote Renal Podocyte Injury in T2DM Rats by Decreasing Glomerular VEGF/eNOS Expression Levels and Altering Hemodynamic Parameters

Wang¹,

Feng²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

JIR

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Purpose Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious microvascular complication in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Evidence confirms that serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the T2DM stage are proposed as prognostic markers for DN development, but it is unclear how they affect renal podocyte-associated nephrin and WT-1 expression. In the presence of podocyte injury, glomerular vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and hemodynamic parameters are dysregulated. The current research aimed to clarify the relationship of TNF-α and IL-1β with podocyte injury by altering VEGF/eNOS expression and hemodynamic parameters. Methods A high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced DN rat model was established. Serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels were tracked in the pre-T2DM, T2DM and DN stages. In the DN stage, the mRNA and protein expression levels of renal TNF-α, IL-1β, VEGF, eNOS, nephrin and WT-1 were studied. Renal hemodynamic parameters, including peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic flow velocity and mean velocity were measured with a color Doppler ultrasound technique. Results Compared to those in the normal control (CTL) group, serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels increased significantly in the pre-T2DM stage (obesity, insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia), T2DM stage (hyperglycemia) and DN stage (abnormal renal functions) (all: P < 0.05) in the DN group. Serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels in the T2DM stage were significantly higher than those in the pre-T2DM stage (two: P < 0.05). Compared to the CTL group, renal nephrin, WT-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, eNOS and VEGF expression and hemodynamic parameters in the DN stage all showed significant differences separately (all: P < 0.05). Conclusion Increased serum and renal TNF-α and IL-1β levels played important roles in reducing renal nephrin and WT-1 expression levels, which may be related to the fact that the former affected renal VEGF/eNOS expression and blood flow parameters in the DN rats.

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Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging of the Kidney: Basic Concepts and Protocols

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Renal Doppler Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Renal Function in Patients with Sepsis

Renal Doppler Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Renal Function in Patients with Sepsis

Renal Protective Effects of Inonotus obliquus on High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Kidney Disease Rats: Biochemical, Color Doppler Ultrasound and Histopathological Evidence

TNF-α and IL-1β Promote Renal Podocyte Injury in T2DM Rats by Decreasing Glomerular VEGF/eNOS Expression Levels and Altering Hemodynamic Parameters

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