Ultrasound and radiology surrogate endpoints in pharmacological studies

Agewall, Stefan; deGroot, E.; Marcos‐Alberca, Pedro; Zamorano, José Luís; Barrero, Ana; Badano, Luigi P.; Perrone‐Filardi, Pasquale

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.03.038

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 116 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Assessing clinical endpoints, such as MI or stroke, in prospective cohort studies requires following a large sample of patients for considerable periods of time. These limitations prompted the use of surrogate endpoints, such as imaging of atherosclerosis, in which early changes due to disease activity or therapy become apparent many years before the occurrence of the clinical event [Agewall et al 2012]. Most studies assessing the extent of atherosclerosis in PsA used ultrasound of the carotid arteries to measure the intima media thickness (IMT) and atherosclerotic plaques.…”

Section: Use Of Surrogate Markers For Cardiovascular Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherosclerosis in psoriatic disease: latest evidence and clinical implications

Eder

Gladman

2015

Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pathophysiologic mechanisms linking atherosclerosis, psoriatic disease and inflammation Atherosclerosis, the underlying process resulting in cardiovascular events, reflects the development of atheromatous plaques in the inner layer of the arteries. It is now widely accepted that atherogenesis is caused by chronic low-grade inflammation that results from an interaction between immune mechanisms and metabolic abnormalities within the vessel wall [Hansson, 2005; Weber and Noels, 2011]. The initial phase involves a qualitative change in the inner lining of the arteries, the endothelial cells. This change includes the expression of adhesion molecules by endothelial cells leading to capture of leukocytes on the surface and their translocation from the blood through the endothelial layer into the intima, the innermost layer of the vessel wall. This process can occur due to irritative stimuli, such as lipid abnormalities or systemic inflammation, as in psoriatic disease [Gonzalez-Juanatey et al. 2007; Tabas et al. 2007]. Several studies have found that the prevalence of endothelial dysfunction, as measured by functional

show abstract

Section: Use Of Surrogate Markers For Cardiovascular Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherosclerosis in psoriatic disease: latest evidence and clinical implications

Eder

Gladman

2015

Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, carefully-designed innovative randomized trials will be needed to confirm the expected benefits of such strategies before they can be applied clinically. To do so efficiently without resorting to extremely large sample sizes, may require use of direct measures of reduced atherosclerosis progression, using vascular imaging or other surrogate outcomes, as valid trial outcomes, instead of “hard” CV events or mortality with the understanding that by preventing atherosclerosis, CV events will be reduced 14, 15 . In addition, we will need to carefully consider the risks and benefits of interventions to be offered to young, predisposed patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%