Ultrasound appearance of schistosomiasis of the testis

Soans, Barry; Abel, Christian

doi:10.1046/j.1440-1673.1999.433685.x

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Serology is used erratically in the diagnosis of patients with cUGS-related manifestations. In several reports [ n = 7], patients underwent invasive procedures and were also found to have a positive serology for S. haematobium [ 85 , 91 , 92 , 105 , 137 , 139 , 149 ]. On the contrary, in several reports [ n = 11], eggs were not present in the urine of patients with chronic schistosomiasis [ 92 , 98 , 100 , 102 , 103 , 106 , 126 , 134 , 137 , 139 , 140 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and management of complicated urogenital schistosomiasis: a systematic review of the literature

et al. 2023

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Background Currently, there are no standardized guidelines for the diagnosis or management of the complications of urogenital schistosomiasis (UGS). This systematic review of the literature aims to investigate the state of the art in reference to diagnostic approaches and the clinical management of this condition. Methods A systematic review of literature published between January 1990 and January 2021 was conducted in the MEDLINE database, scoping for articles regarding diagnostic means or therapeutic options for the complications of UGS, namely obstructive uropathy, bladder cancer, abortion, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, kidney failure, urolithiasis and the need for invasive procedures. Relevant data were then extracted from the articles deemed eligible according to the inclusion criteria. Main results In total, 3052 articles were identified by the research query, of which 167 articles fulfilling inclusion criteria after title/abstract screening and full-text evaluation were included, 35% on both diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, and 51% on diagnosis and 14% on therapy. Ultrasound was the most frequently tool employed for the diagnosis of UGS complications showing a good performance. Concerning the management of hydronephrosis, the majority of available evidences came from community-based studies where universal treatment with praziquantel was used leading to decrease of prevalence of obstructive uropathy. Concerning studies on surgical procedures, laser endoureterotomy followed by stenting was mostly employed in adult patients leading to a crude cure rate of 60% (43 of 71 patients). In the case of severe hydronephrosis, surgery consisting of ureteral re-implantation showed excellent results with a crude cure rate of 98% (157 cured patients of 160 treated). Concerning bladder cancer, data on 93 patients with a clear diagnosis of UGS-related bladder were available reporting a variable and sometime combined approach based on disease stage. Available data on diagnosis and management of abortion, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, kidney failure, urolithiasis and the need for invasive procedures due to UGS are also presented. Conclusions The review produced a complete picture of the diagnostic and therapeutic options currently available for complicated UGS. These results can be useful both for guiding clinicians towards correct management and for tracing the direction of future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and management of complicated urogenital schistosomiasis: a systematic review of the literature

et al. 2023

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“…When the lesion is located within the testis, commonly it shows heterogeneous echotexture similar to that of most testicular cancers, and shistosomiasis involving the testis should be one of the differential diagnosis in testicular cancers; however, other numerous scrotal infections such as filariasis and paracoccidioidomycosis can produce the same picture, and this create more diagnostic challenges [18, 19]. In this patient, sonography was not done, as this could be of more use and MRI is not available in our center.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrotal Swelling and Testicular Atrophy due to Schistosomiasis in a 9-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report

Rambau

Chandika

Chalya

et al. 2011

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases

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Schistosomiasis is a communicable disease which commonly involves urinary bladder causing hematuria, or large bowel causing bloody stool. The common species encountered in this lake region surrounding Lake Victoria in Tanzania are Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni. Complications can lead to portal hypertension due portal fibrosis in liver, and fibrosis in lung can lead to pulmonary hypertension; this commonly seen with S. mansoni. Major complications of S. maeametobium are chronic cystitis with squamous metaplasia with subsequent development of squamous cell carcinoma. Involvement of spinal cord causing paraplegia has been observed in S. haematobium. Other unusual pathology of schistosomiasis has been described, such as involvement of the appendix, ovary, prostate, and cervix. Here, we present a case of schistosomiasis in a 9-year-old boy who presented with left scrotal pain for one year which was accompanied by scrotal swelling; surgical exploration was done, and the finding was hydrocele and atrophic testes with nodules on the surface. Histological examination reveals atrophic testis and heavy active granulomatous inflammation with schistosoma eggs consistent with Schistosoma haematobium in the tunica vaginalis.

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“…Ultrasonography is not very helpful as there are no pathognomonic sonographic findings of TS. In fact, the features are difficult to distinguish from testicular malignancies 10. Fortunately, serologic testing for schistosomiasis has a high sensitivity of 95–99% and a specificity of 99% 11.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%