Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Antioxidants from Baccharis dracunculifolia and Green Propolis

Abstract

Baccharis dracunculifolia or rosemary-of-field is the principal botanical source used by Africanized bees Apis mellifera L. to produce green propolis in Southeastern Brazil. The phenolic compounds present in the plant and green propolis have been reported to be responsible for biological activities such as antioxidant capacity. This study aimed to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction of antioxidants compounds from rosemary-of-field using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD), and compare results to green propolis extract. An experimental design was performed to obtain responses of total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. The results allowed observing that the optimum condition for both Baccharis dracunculifolia floral bud and raw green propolis antioxidant extraction was obtained with 99% ethanol solution. In this condition, Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) values were 612.14 mg GAE. g−1 sample, 534.39 µM ferrous sulfate g−1 sample, and 72.37 µmol TEAC. g−1 sample, respectively, for floral buds. These results have confirmed that optimization is a key step for effective and sustainable extraction processes to be feasible on an industrial scale. The proposed process can be easily adopted on a larger scale, as it uses very few inputs and presents straightforward steps, with the advantage of high efficiency in the extraction of phenolic compounds from the studied matrices compared to the results from the literature. The high concentration of antioxidants indicates that the products obtained can be considered as a sustainable bioactive source for food and cosmetic purposes.

Simultaneous Optimization of Extraction Yield, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Moroccan Propolis Extracts: Improvement of Ultrasound-Assisted Technique Using Response Surface Methodology

“…For optimizing studied responses, the temperature used during our experiments was fixed at 35 • C and was suitable for extraction, avoiding the loss or degradation of active compounds [43]. After a first analysis of the five-response optimization, a fixation of the extraction time in its lower level (15 min) is strongly recommended for the three first responses (extraction yield, TPC, and TFC).…”

Fatores De Heterogeneidade Do Potencial Antioxidante Da Própolis Da Abelha Apis Mellifera: Uma Revisão

“…O uso de ultrassom na extração sólido-líquido possui vantagens com relação a maceração tradicional, tais quais a diminuição do gasto de energia, solventes, tempo e investimento fi nanceiro, bem como a possibilidade de uma boa extração mesmo em temperaturas mais baixas, o que evita a degradação de compostos termossensíveis (13,53). Dados da literatura afi rmam que o rendimento de extração pode ser aumentado em até 24% com o uso dessa técnica, associado a menor quantidade de solventes e energia ("técnica verde"), além de haver a possibilidade de usar solventes alternativos (53,67). Tal aumento de rendimento advém de uma melhor transferência de compostos, devido à alta formação de cavitação (53).…”

A Systematic Review of the Potential Effects of Propolis Extracts on Experimentally-induced Diabetes

“…The chemical composition of propolis is variable depending on environmental characteristics and extraction methods, which may have affected the final biological response 30 , 31 . Therefore, the chemical characterization of the selected samples is necessary to elucidate which molecules are responsible (alone or synergistically) for the antidiabetic effects and/or to purify through chromatographic methods by the most active ones, if applicable 15 , 32 , 33 .…”