Ultrasound Assisted Extraction of Saponins from Hedera helix L. and an In Vitro Biocompatibility Evaluation of the Extracts

Gavrila, Adina Ionuta; Tatia, Rodica; Seciu-Grama, Ana-Maria; Tarcomnicu, Isabela; Negrea, Cristina; Călinescu, Ioan; Zălaru, Christina; Moldovan, Lucia; Raiciu, Anca Daniela; Popa, Ioana

doi:10.3390/ph15101197

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The method described in Gavrila et al [ 73 ] was used, with minor modification. After drying a 10 mL aliquot of the fermentation supernatant in a freeze-dryer, 0.5 g of the resultant lyophilized powder was weighed, and 5 mL of 80% methanol was added.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Antioxidant Activity of Compounds Generated during Ginseng Extract Fermentation Supplemented with Lactobacillus

Lin,

Wu,

Huang

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Ginseng holds high medicinal and cosmetic value, with stem and leaf extracts garnering attention for their abundant bioactive ingredients. Meanwhile, fermentation can enhance the effectiveness of cosmetics. The aim of this study was to optimize ginseng fermentation to produce functional cosmetics. Ginseng stem and leaf extracts were fermented with five different strains of lactic acid bacteria. Using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical (·OH), and superoxide anion (O2·−) scavenging activities as indicators, the fermentation process was optimized via response surface methodology. Finally, validation of the antioxidant activity of the optimized fermentation broth was performed using human skin cells (HaCaT and BJ cells). Based on the antioxidant potency composite comprehensive index, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 1.140 was selected, and the optimized parameters were a fermentation time of 35.50 h, an inoculum size of 2.45%, and a temperature of 28.20 °C. Optimized fermentation boosted antioxidant activity: DPPH scavenging activity increased by 25.00%, ·OH by 94.00%, and O2·− by 73.00%. Only the rare ginsenoside Rg5 showed a substantial rise in content among the 11 ginsenosides examined after fermentation. Furthermore, the flavonoid content and ·OH scavenging activity were significantly negatively correlated (r = −1.00, p < 0.05), while the Rh1 content and O2·− scavenging activity were significantly positively correlated (r = 0.998, p < 0.05). Both the 0.06% (v/v) and 0.25% (v/v) concentrations of the optimized broth significantly promoted cell proliferation, and notable protective effects against oxidative damage were observed in HaCaT cells when the broth was at 0.06%. Collectively, we demonstrated that ginseng fermentation extract effectively eliminates free radicals, preventing and repairing cellular oxidative damage. This study has identified new options for the use of fermented ginseng in functional cosmetics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Antioxidant Activity of Compounds Generated during Ginseng Extract Fermentation Supplemented with Lactobacillus

Lin,

Wu,

Huang

et al. 2024

Molecules

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“…As an example, Gavrila et al proposed an ultrasound-assisted extraction methodology to obtain saponins from ivy leaves; with this method less energy would be used during the extraction process. The optimal extraction protocol used 80% ethanol, 60 min extraction time at 50 °C, an ultrasound amplitude of 40% that corresponds to 27.9 W, and a 1:20 plant/solvent ratio (w/v) . After the extraction of the phytochemicals, quantification is necessary to ensure the quality of the produced extracts.…”

Section: Common Ivy Extractives and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimal extraction protocol used 80% ethanol, 60 min extraction time at 50 °C, an ultrasound amplitude of 40% that corresponds to 27.9 W, and a 1:20 plant/ solvent ratio (w/v). 75 After the extraction of the phytochemicals, quantification is necessary to ensure the quality of the produced extracts.…”

Section: ■ Physicochemical Properties Of CI Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Ivy (Hedera Helix L.) as a Novel Green Resource in an Urban Biorefinery Concept

Vercruysse,

Noppen,

Jozefczak

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Common ivy (CI) or Hedera Helix L., is a clinging evergreen vine that can be cultivated on any vertical surface (walls, fences, tree trunks, etc.). In Europe, CI has been recommended by governments to plant in urban areas because it lowers urban heat island effects and improves urban air quality. Regular trimmings of these vertical greenery systems would be necessary, which would yield a potentially interesting novel biomass resource for urban biorefinery concepts. Furthermore, CI extracts contain pharmaceutically active compounds (e.g., hederacoside C and α-hederin), which constitute the active components of commercially available cough syrups. Moreover, research on their suitability to treat (lung) inflammations and suppress cancer tumor growth is ongoing and shows promise. CI extracts also have demonstrated potential for their application in the agricultural industry to serve as antifungal agents. Recently, postextracted residues of CI have shown to be a promising feedstock for green fertilizer production via slow pyrolysis. Moreover, a provisional sustainability assessment indicated that the proposed process would be both carbon-and energy-negative. Therefore, a novel circular biorefinery approach is proposed, which entails the lifecycle of CI, from cultivation in vertical ecosystems via refinery into bioproduct(s) and valuable nutrients, and then back into soil.

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“…The sonication was applied in continuous mode, at an amplitude of 40%. The latter was chosen based on our previous work, Gavrila et al [4].…”

Section: Bioactive Compound Extraction Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The triterpenoids consist of three monoterpenes of 10 carbon atoms each, which are distributed as 6 isoprene molecules [3]. Among triterpene saponins, hederacoside C, hederagenin, and α-hederin are predominant in Hedera helix [4]. Hedera helix is also rich in polyphenols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Extraction Techniques of Phytochemicals from Hedera helix L. and In Vitro Characterization of the Extracts

Gavrila,

Zalaru,

Tatia

et al. 2023

Plants

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Hedera helix L. contains phytochemicals with good biological properties which are beneficial to human health and can be used to protect plants against different diseases. The aim of this research was to find the most suitable extraction method and the most favorable parameters for the extraction of different bioactive compounds from ivy leaves. Different extraction methods, namely microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and conventional heating extraction (CHE), were used. The most suitable method for the extraction of saponins is MAE with an extraction efficiency of 58%, while for carbohydrates and polyphenols, the best results were achieved via UAE with an extraction efficiency of 61.7% and 63.5%, respectively. The antioxidant activity (AA) of the extracts was also determined. The highest AA was obtained via UAE (368.98 ± 9.01 µmol TR/gDM). Better results were achieved at 50 °C for 10 min of extraction, using 80% ethanol in water as solvent. In order to evaluate their in vitro cytotoxicity, the extracts richest in bioactive compounds were tested on NCTC fibroblasts. Their influence on the DNA content of RAW 264.7 murine macrophages was also tested. Until 200 µg/mL, the extracts obtained via UAE and MAE were cytocompatible with NCTC fibroblasts at 48 h of treatment. Summarizing the above, both MAE and UAE can be employed as green and efficient methods for producing extracts rich in bioactive compounds, exhibiting strong antioxidant properties and good noncytotoxic activity.

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Ultrasound Assisted Extraction of Saponins from Hedera helix L. and an In Vitro Biocompatibility Evaluation of the Extracts

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Optimization of Antioxidant Activity of Compounds Generated during Ginseng Extract Fermentation Supplemented with Lactobacillus

Optimization of Antioxidant Activity of Compounds Generated during Ginseng Extract Fermentation Supplemented with Lactobacillus

Common Ivy (Hedera Helix L.) as a Novel Green Resource in an Urban Biorefinery Concept

Green Extraction Techniques of Phytochemicals from Hedera helix L. and In Vitro Characterization of the Extracts

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