Ultrasound attenuation of the calcaneus in normal subjects and in patients with wrist fracture

Abstract

(1995) Ultrasound attenuation of the calcaneus in normal subjects and in patients with wrist fracture, Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica, 66:1, 47-52,

Quantitative ultrasound bone measurement

“…Although the majority of investigations have been made with QUS at the calcaneus, finding associations with vertebral [43, 56,57,[61][62][63][64], hip and forearm fractures [65,66], recently reports have begun to appear showing similar capabilities for ultrasound measurements at the patella, tibia and phalanges [46,62,[67][68][69][70][71][72]. Indeed, tibial SOS has been associated with incident non-spine fractures [62].…”

Does Quantitative Tibial Ultrasound Predict Low Bone Mineral Density Defined by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry?

“…However the more important aspect of the question is whether these QUS parameters are able to predict the BMD of the skeletal sites which are classically prone to fractures. The correlation between QUS parameters and BMD at various sites has been determined to vary considerably with r values between 0.29 and 0.89 9,10. According to a review of the parallel studies on this point, the weakest correlation, in the range of 0.31 and 0.47, was between femur neck BMD and tibial SOS 8.…”

“…It has been reported that BUA and SOS, which can be determined at various measurement sites like distal radius, os calcis, tibia and phalanges, have the potential to predict future osteoporotic fractures 8. However the correlation between QUS and BMD as measured by DEXA has been observed to vary considerably in previous studies 9,10. This correlation seemed to be lower when QUS was applied at the tibia region 8,11…”

Osteoporosis: Review of the Evidence for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment and Cost-Effective Analysis

“…Numerous prospective studies in diverse populations using different technologies and measuring bone density at a variety of skeletal sites consistently show that the probability of fracture can be estimated with BMD measurements [86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101]. Compared with serum 16 National Osteoporosis Foundation cholesterol measurements, BMDs are stronger long-term predictors of events per standard deviation (SD) change (relative risk of fracture is about 1.5 to 2.0, compared with a relative risk of cardiovascular disease events of about 1.3), and the precision of the measurements is better (1% to 4% for BMD measurement compared with approximately 10% for cholesterol measurement) [91].…”

“…BMD of the lumbar spine, measured in the anteroposterior direction, has predictive value for fractures at the spine and wrist that is similar to that of radial and hip BMD; however, spine BMD does not predict hip fractures as well as does hip BMD [44,89,106]. 5.5.6 Although measurements at all sites have some utility in predicting fractures, hip BMD is the best predictor of hip fracture [89] and appears to predict other types of fractures as well as do measurements made at other skeletal sites [94,95,107]. Even at the time of menopause, when cancellous bone loss is especially rapid, the association with fracture history is as strong for BMD assessed in the proximal femur as BMD measured in the lumbar spine [108].…”