Ultrasound beam steering with flattened acoustic metamaterial Luneburg lens

Zhao, Liuxian; Laredo, Eitan; Ryan, Olivia; Yazdkhasti, Amirhossein; Kim, Hyun Tae; Ganye, Randy; Horiuchi, Timothy K.; Yu, Miao

doi:10.1063/1.5140467

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…To satisfy the regulation, the diameter of the meta-lens should be 5 m at least, but it occupies a huge space. This difficulty could be overcome through some geometrical transformation or modification such as elliptical or box-type thin lens (Dyke et al 2014;Gao et al 2018;Zhao et al 2020) may applicable. Another practical concept is foldable lens like wings of insects that expand only during bad weather conditions.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sound reception system by an acoustic meta-lens

Kim

Ahn

Park

et al. 2021

Journal of International Maritime Safety, Environmental Affairs

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Applying the directionality of an acoustic meta-lens, a sound reception system for ships is designed. A two-dimensional disk shape acoustic meta-lens or an acoustic Luneburg lens made of 253 acrylic pipes of different radii which control the refractive index is used. The lens has the diameter of 180 cm and the thickness of 20 cm. Eight microphones were installed around the edges of the lens because the lens focuses the input signal into the edge of the other side of the lens. The sound reception ability of the lens was tested on the sea using the horn of a university training ship as an emitter and the lens loaded on a small boat as a receiver. Both are moving at 20 ~ 40 km/h at a distance between 300 ~ 700 m. The lens could focus to recognize the direction of the input sound in the frequency range between 300 and 900 Hz.

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Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sound reception system by an acoustic meta-lens

Kim

Ahn

Park

et al. 2021

Journal of International Maritime Safety, Environmental Affairs

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“…[86] Copyright 2017, The Authors, published by Springer Nature Limited), b) labyrinthine structures [1,5,42,43,74,93,95,96,160,161] (Image reproduced with permission. [74] Copyright 2013, AIP Publishing LLC), and c) crystal lattice structures [40,60,62,76,82,83,84,94,97,98,103,104,162] (Image reproduced with permission. [84] Copyright 2020, AIP Publishing LLC).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[74] Copyright 2013, AIP Publishing LLC), and c) crystal lattice structures [40,60,62,76,82,83,84,94,97,98,103,104,162] (Image reproduced with permission. [84] Copyright 2020, AIP Publishing LLC). Machining of d) Helmholtz resonators, [35] e) labyrinthine structures [75] (Reproduced with permission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A special kind of GRIN device is known as a Luneburg lens, which allows beam focusing in multiple directions. [84,85] An ideal spherical geometry would require a radially varying index profile from the center, which is challenging to fabricate as the element size is not purely homogeneous throughout the structure. SLA technology was first used to demonstrate a 3D Luneburg lens prototype for 8 kHz, [62] whereas polyjet printing later enabled the experimental realization of a flattened design for ultrasonic (40 kHz) beam steering with an index ranging from 1 to 1.82 and a periodicity of 2 mm.…”

Section: Printing Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabricating and Assembling Acoustic Metamaterials and Phononic Crystals

et al. 2020

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Acoustic metamaterials (AMMs) and phononic crystals (PCs) have garnered significant attention in recent years, as part of the collective driving force toward creating intelligent acoustic devices. Advancements in these fields have greatly enhanced the way we manipulate sound waves through transmission, reflection, refraction, absorption, diffraction, or attenuation. In the past decade, AMMs and PCs have enabled novel applications such as acoustic lensing, [1-3] cloaking, [4] levitation, [5] and holography. [6-8] While these exotic structures have been well explored through theoretical and numerical analysis, [9-13] their physical realization is an important topic that is rarely discussed. Considering the ubiquity of sound and the powerful capabilities of AMMs and PCs, the impact of these acoustic structures could be phenomenal. Across the full acoustic frequency spectrum, practical applications such as noise cancellation, [14] underwater detection, [15] medical imaging, [16] and energy harvesting [17,18] could benefit key sectors in our society like healthcare, well-being, environmental sustainability, and security. Moreover, AMMs and PCs can help to usher in next-generation technologies for personalized, immersive multisensory [19-22] experiences. The manipulation of sound can enrich the way we communicate and interact with our surroundings, not simply through audio, but also through tactile sensations. In the future, AMMs and PCs could be used in virtual reality (VR) setups, [23] compact wearable devices, and dynamic midair volumetric displays [24] that are controllable and capable of providing haptic feedback. [25] Beyond the notion that AMMs and PCs can replace phased arrays, they could readily complement one another for more precise control. In commercial devices, AMM and PC functionalities could even be combined together in different ways, e.g., transmissive and sound absorptive structures, for improved performance. To unlock the full potential of AMMs and PCs, it is therefore vital to ensure that practical, physical realization is pursued alongside theoretical investigation in the development of viable acoustic designs. Building an AMM or PC requires some form of fabrication or assembly or both. Fabrication refers to the technologies and processes used to manufacture an object, whereas assembly refers to the strategic amalgamation of parts for a constructive purpose.

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“…SLBM presents a new approach to constructing multi-material polymer parts with microscale accuracy and short irradiation times; however, more research is required before it is a fully-realized additive manufacturing technique. A polyjet approach incorporating inkjet technology alongside the photocuring of resin, a distinctive feature of vat polymerization methods, has been applied to manufacture novel Luneburg lenses for the purposes of ultrasound beam steering [168]. The smallest feature of the meta-unit used in the lens, shown in Figure 44a, is 400 μm and designed to operate at an ultrasonic frequency of 40 kHz.…”

Section: Hybrid Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacture of Small-Scale Metamaterial Structures for Acoustic and Ultrasonic Applications

et al. 2021

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Acoustic metamaterials are large-scale materials with small-scale structures. These structures allow for unusual interaction with propagating sound and endow the large-scale material with exceptional acoustic properties not found in normal materials. However, their multi-scale nature means that the manufacture of these materials is not trivial, often requiring micron-scale resolution over centimetre length scales. In this review, we bring together a variety of acoustic metamaterial designs and separately discuss ways to create them using the latest trends in additive manufacturing. We highlight the advantages and disadvantages of different techniques that act as barriers towards the development of realisable acoustic metamaterials for practical audio and ultrasonic applications and speculate on potential future developments.

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Ultrasound beam steering with flattened acoustic metamaterial Luneburg lens

Cited by 48 publications

References 38 publications

Sound reception system by an acoustic meta-lens

Sound reception system by an acoustic meta-lens

Fabricating and Assembling Acoustic Metamaterials and Phononic Crystals

Additive Manufacture of Small-Scale Metamaterial Structures for Acoustic and Ultrasonic Applications

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