Ultrasound Diagnosis of Congenital Brain Anomalies

Vasiljević, Brankica; Gojnić, M; Maglajlić-Djukić, Svjetlana

doi:10.5772/31337

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Surveys all over the world have shown that the frequency of birth defects varies greatly from region to region and from country to country. A male preponderance was observed in our study population, there have been similar reports on this [13][14][15] whereas there has been report of equal sex distribution as well [16]. The reason for this sex variation cannot be explained and this could be by chance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Congenital Central Nervous System Abnormalities in Bauchi, Nigeria: Our Experience in 4 Years

2023

MCMS

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Introduction: Congenital central nervous system abnormalities are among the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. These abnormalities impair functions and cosmetic challenges among the survivors. We aimed to describe the pattern of the congenital CNS abnormalities in our environment. Materials and Methods:We carried out a retrospective study on children who presented and managed for congenital CNS abnormalities from October 2018 to September 2022. Clinical data of the patients were retrieved from their record files, admission record and operation notes. The data were analyzed and results expressed.Results: Two-hundred and thirteen children with congenital CNS abnormalities were reviewed within the study period. Congenital hydrocephalus (48%) was the most common abnormalities seen followed spinal bifida (27%). Forty-eight percent of the children presented after two month of life. Peri-conception folic acid intake/supplementation and febrile illness occurrence during first trimester of the pregnancy were reported as 15% and 29% of the mothers respectively. Conclusion: congenital hydrocephalus and spinal bifida are the most common congenital CNS abnormalities in our practice.Many of the mothers of the affected children did not have peri-conception folic acid intake or supplementation. Prevention, early detection during ante ante-natal care and early presentation at birth of the cases are needed efforts in our society.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Congenital Central Nervous System Abnormalities in Bauchi, Nigeria: Our Experience in 4 Years

2023

MCMS

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“…A male preponderance was observed in the study population similar to previous reports[ 22 26 ] whereas other workers have reported equal sex distribution. [ 25 ] However, the probable reason for the higher male predilection in the present study appears uncertain. It may be due to the importance attached to male gender in this part of the world (succession/propagation of the family name) such that parents are more likely to report any problem or sickness in their male children to the hospital faster than their female folk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…[325] From the current study, musculoskeletal anomalies (talipes equinovarus) particularly were found to be the most common associated systemic anomaly. A male preponderance was observed in the study population similar to previous reports[2226] whereas other workers have reported equal sex distribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Epidemiology of congenital anomalies of the central nervous system in children in Enugu, Nigeria: A retrospective study

et al. 2016

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Background:Congenital anomalies, including those of the central nervous system (CNS), are among the leading causes of morbidity, mortality, and fetal loss.Objective:To determine the prevalence and associated factors of CNS congenital anomalies in children.Methods:A cross-sectional retrospective study of children managed with CNS anomalies was undertaken. Relevant clinical data of identified cases based on standard case definitions were retrieved from their case record files. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 while the level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.Results:Seventy-two cases of CNS anomalies were identified over the period under review; out of 7329 total pediatric admissions giving a prevalence of 0.98%. Spina bifida cystica, 49 (68.0%) was the most common of the five anomalies seen followed by congenital hydrocephalus 11 (15.3%). Fifty-seven (79.2%) of the mothers did not take periconceptional folic acid supplementation (P < 0.05) whereas 25 (34.7%), 6 (8.3%), and 1 (1.4%) reported history of febrile illness in the first trimester of pregnancy, alcohol use, and diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, respectively. Majority of the cases of spina bifida cystica (30 [61.2%]) seen had corrective surgeries while the overall case fatality rate was 1 (1.4%).Conclusions:Spina bifida cystica was the most common anomaly of the CNS seen in this study and majority of the mothers of affected children did not take periconceptional folic acid supplementation (P < 0.05). Efforts should be made to create awareness and apply adequate preventive health education models including the use of periconceptional folic acid supplementation as well as the provision of access to standard prenatal care to at risk mothers.

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“…Before the development of ultrasonography, computed tomography scan (CT‐scan) and air ventriculography were used to diagnose intracranial disorders in humans (Chambers et al., 2013). Ultrasonography is an appropriate method for examination of the brain in human, and it is often compared to CT‐scan (Hudson et al., 1991; Vasiljevic et al., 2012). Despite the development of CT‐scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to date, ultrasound is still the most common method for examination of the brain in human neonates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic approach and findings in calves with hydranencephaly

Gorjidooz

Rahimabadi

Raoofi

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background Teratogenic viral infections may proceed to hydranencephaly in cattle. Post‐mortem and antemortem diagnosis can be achieved by necropsy or ultrasonography, CT‐scan and MRI techniques. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine how effective ultrasonography approach is in detecting hydranencephaly in calves. Methods In this study, ultrasonography images were obtained from brains of nine Holstein claves, of the same age, with neurological signs (due to Akabane virus infection), approaching from the caudal part of the temporal bone. To confirm the obtained images, the same approach was used to obtain images from a normal calf of the same age. The thickness of the temporal bone was measured and compared in seven affected and the healthy calves, using CT‐scan images. Results In ultrasonographic images, temporal bone (as a hyperechoic structure) and temporal cortical mantle (as an echogenic structure) were noted in the right and left side of the skull. The medial part of the image showed presence of fluid in an anechoic region, instead of brain parenchyma. Falx cerebri was also seen as a floating hyperechoic line in the middle part in all patients. There was no statistically significant difference between the thickness of temporal bone in normal and affected calves (p = 0.502). All findings were confirmed by necropsy. Conclusions Transtemporal approach is a novel and easy approach to study the brain in calves. This is the first study on the hydranencephalic brains of claves, using ultrasonography by transtemporal approach.

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Ultrasound Diagnosis of Congenital Brain Anomalies

Cited by 5 publications

References 83 publications

Congenital Central Nervous System Abnormalities in Bauchi, Nigeria: Our Experience in 4 Years

Congenital Central Nervous System Abnormalities in Bauchi, Nigeria: Our Experience in 4 Years

Epidemiology of congenital anomalies of the central nervous system in children in Enugu, Nigeria: A retrospective study

Ultrasonographic approach and findings in calves with hydranencephaly

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