Ultrasound fetal measurements and pregnancy associated glycoprotein secretion in early pregnancy in cattle recipients carrying somatic clones

Chavatte‐Palmer, Pascale; Sousa, NM de; Laigre, P.; Camous, Sylvaine; Ponter, Andrew; Beckers, Jean‐François; Heyman, Yvan

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.01.061

Cited by 84 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…As stated above, the function of PAGs is not fully understood. However, Chavatte-Palmer et al (2006) reported lower serum PAG concentrations in recipients which experienced early pregnancy loss (between days 35 and 90 of gestation) of SCNT fetuses. Incidentally, recipients who carried SCNT pregnancies to term had higher concentrations of PAG early in gestation compared to IVF controls (ChavattePalmer et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Somatic cell nuclear transfer alters peri-implantation trophoblast differentiation in bovine embryos

Arnold¹,

Bordignon²,

Lefebvre³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

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Abnormal placental development limits success in ruminant pregnancies derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), due to reduction in placentome number and consequently, maternal/fetal exchange. In the primary stages of an epithelial-chorial association, the maternal/fetal interface is characterized by progressive endometrial invasion by specialized trophoblast binucleate/giant cells (TGC). We hypothesized that dysfunctional placentation in SCNT pregnancies results from aberration in expression of genes known to be necessary for trophoblast proliferation (Mash2), differentiation (Hand1), and function (IFN-t and PAG-9). We, therefore, compared the expression of these factors in trophoblast from bovine embryos derived from artificial insemination (AI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), and SCNT prior to (day 17) and following (day 40 of gestation) implantation, as well as TGC densities and function. In preimplantation embryos, Mash2 mRNA was more abundant in SCNT embryos compared to AI, while Hand1 was highest in AI and IVF relative to SCNT embryos. IFN-t mRNA abundance did not differ among groups. PAG-9 mRNA was undetectable in SCNT embryos, present in IVF embryos and highest in AI embryos. In postimplantation pregnancies, SCNT fetal cotyledons displayed higher Mash2 and Hand1 than AI and IVF tissues. Allelic expression of Mash2 was not different among the groups, which suggests that elevated mRNA expression was not due to altered imprinting status of Mash2. The day 40 SCNT cotyledons had the fewest number of TGC compared to IVF and AI controls. Thus, expression of genes critical to normal placental development is altered in SCNT bovine embryos, and this is expected to cause abnormal trophoblast differentiation and contribute to pregnancy loss.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Somatic cell nuclear transfer alters peri-implantation trophoblast differentiation in bovine embryos

Arnold¹,

Bordignon²,

Lefebvre³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

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“…PAGs have been shown to be greater in recipient cows receiving SCNT-derived embryos compared with control embryos (Chavatte-Palmer et al 2006, Constant et al 2011. Furthermore, PAG concentrations were higher in recipient cows at day 35 (Hill et al 2000) and day 50 (Heyman et al 2002) of gestation for animals that received an SCNT embryo that subsequently aborted during the first trimester compared with cows that maintained a pregnancy.…”

Section: R122 R M Wallace and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental PAGs: gene origins, expression patterns, and use as markers of pregnancy

et al. 2015

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Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are abundantly expressed products of the placenta of species within the Cetartiodactyla order (even-toed ungulates). They are restricted to this order and they are particularly numerous in the Bovidae. The PAGs exhibit a range of temporal and spatial expression patterns by the placental trophoblasts and probably represent a group of related proteins that perform a range of distinct functions in the epitheliochorial and synepitheliochorial placental forms. This review presents an overview of the origins of the PAGs, a summary of PAG expression patterns, and their use as markers of pregnancy status. Speculations about their putative role(s) in pregnancy are also presented.Reproduction (2015) 149 R115-R126

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“…Losses of pregnancy in surrogate dams in the second and third trimester are associated with placental abnormalities, hydrops, enlarged umbilical cords with dilated vessels, and abnormally enlarged and fewer placental cotyledons (11)(12)(13). This abnormal placental development may be present from the early stages after implantation and can be overcome by some embryos that result in the development and birth of live clones (12,14,15). Nevertheless, abnormal placental development and associated consequences for maternal-fetal exchange is a main limiting factor in ruminant SCNT pregnancies (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The endometrium responds differently to cloned versus fertilized embryos

Bauersachs

Ulbrich

Zakhartchenko³

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

192

144

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Although somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) cloning is more efficient in cattle than in any other species tested so far, there is a high rate of pregnancy failure that has been linked to structural and functional abnormalities of the placenta. We tested the hypothesis that these changes may originate from disturbed embryo-maternal interactions in the peri-implantation period. Therefore, we evaluated the response of the endometrium to SCNT embryos (produced from 7 different fetal fibroblast cell lines) as compared with embryos derived from in vitro fertilization (IVF). SCNT embryos and IVF embryos were cultured under identical conditions to the blastocyst stage (day 7) and were transferred to corresponding recipients, which were slaughtered at day 18 of pregnancy. The mRNA profiles of endometrium samples were obtained using a custom cDNA microarray enriched for transcripts differentially expressed in the endometrium and/or oviduct epithelium during the estrous cycle and/or early pregnancy. Overall, the variation in mRNA profiles was greater in the SCNT group than in the IVF group. Furthermore, 58 transcripts were differentially abundant in endometria from SCNT and IVF pregnancies. Prominent examples are orphan nuclear receptor COUP-TFII and connexin 43, both known to play important roles in uterine receptivity and conceptus placentation. These findings suggest that placental failure in bovine clone pregnancies may originate from abnormal embryomaternal communication that develops during the peri-implantation period. Endometrium transcriptome profiles may serve as a tool to evaluate SCNT embryos for their ability to establish pregnancy and develop a functional placenta.Bos taurus ͉ cloning ͉ early pregnancy ͉ gene expression ͉ microarray C loning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) (1) is an important strategic tool for animal breeding and biotechnology. For example, animals carrying rare desired alleles can be multiplied to introduce the desired allele into the breeding population. The life span and capacity of valuable breeding animals and the physiologically limited number of offspring of female animals can be increased, thus enhancing selection intensity. Moreover, cloning allows the propagation of desired genotypes without the risk of genetic recombination that is inherent to sexual reproduction. In animal biotechnology, SCNT using genetically modified donor cells is a powerful approach for the generation of transgenic animals (2) and so far is the only technique facilitating targeted mutagenesis in livestock species (3). Moreover, cloning can be used to multiply transgenic animals and to propagate multitransgenic individuals without segregation of the individual transgenes.Despite the plethora of important applications of cloning, the efficiency of this technology still is very low. Although SCNT is more efficient in cattle than in any other species tested so far, a recent survey covering the results of bovine cloning in Brazil, Argentina, and the United States over a 5-year period revealed that only 9...

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Ultrasound fetal measurements and pregnancy associated glycoprotein secretion in early pregnancy in cattle recipients carrying somatic clones

Cited by 84 publications

References 42 publications

Somatic cell nuclear transfer alters peri-implantation trophoblast differentiation in bovine embryos

Somatic cell nuclear transfer alters peri-implantation trophoblast differentiation in bovine embryos

Placental PAGs: gene origins, expression patterns, and use as markers of pregnancy

The endometrium responds differently to cloned versus fertilized embryos

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