Ultrasound‐Guided Fine‐Needle Aspiration of Focal Parenchymal Lesions of the Lung in Dogs and Cats

Abstract

Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the lung was performed on 16 dogs and 3 cats with consolidated pulmonary lesions or masses identified on thoracic radiographs. The cytologic results from the FNA were confirmed by histopathology, response to treatment, or microscopic identification of Blastomyces organisms. Neoplasia was identified correctly by FNA cytology in 10 of 11 animals, and no false positive results occurred, yielding a positive predictive value of 100%. Of 8 animals with infectious disease, 5 of 6 had blastomycosis and 1 had a bacterial infection, based on cytologic evaluation. Eight animals required sedation for the procedure, and none had clinical complications. We conclude that ultrasound-guided FNA of pulmonary mass lesions is an inexpensive, safe, and accurate method for diagnosing blastomycosis or neoplasia, especially carcinomas, in dogs and cats.

Diagnosis of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus verminous pneumonia via sonography-guided fine-needle pulmonary parenchymal aspiration in a cat

“…Multiple studies assessing risk associated with fine-needle aspiration in canine and feline patients with fungal and neoplastic disease revealed minimal risk of clinical signs secondary to aspiration and a high diagnostic yield when the aspirate was sonographically guided. 12,22 Three veterinary studies of pulmonary aspiration assisted with an imaging modality had only one animal with clinical pneumothorax out of 97 cases (an incidence of 1.03%). 12,22,23 Another study evaluating pulmonary aspiration without imaging guidance had a higher rate of clinical pneumothorax (6.2%).…”

“…12,22 Three veterinary studies of pulmonary aspiration assisted with an imaging modality had only one animal with clinical pneumothorax out of 97 cases (an incidence of 1.03%). 12,22,23 Another study evaluating pulmonary aspiration without imaging guidance had a higher rate of clinical pneumothorax (6.2%). 24 Complications associated with pulmonary fine-needle aspiration biopsy with a 20 G Wescott-type needle include a risk as high as 17% for pneumothorax and a mortality rate of 2.1% secondary to pneumothorax.…”

Segurança e eficácia da técnica de biopsia pulmonar transtorácica percutânea para avaliação histopatológica do parênquima pulmonar de ovinos clinicamente sadios

“…Neste estudo, as biopsias pulmonares foram conduzidas às cegas de forma que houvesse máxima probabilidade de se conseguir amostras de tecido viáveis para um diagnósti-co histológico quando fosse aplicada em ovinos com doença pulmonar difusa. Se o objetivo do procedimento for obter fragmentos teciduais de lesões localizadas, a biopsia pulmonar deve ser preferencialmente, guiada por ultrasom ou radiografias, como já relatado por outros autores (Wood et al 1998, Braun et al 2000.…”

Lung

“…There is also a parasympathetic supply to the bronchioles and alveoli. 3,4 CT is the preferred imaging modality for pulmonary disease and the CT findings in normal cats and those with pleural, pulmonary, and mediastinal diseases have been well described (Box 47-1). The pulmonary plexuses also carry sensory fibers from the lung parenchyma and vasculature.…”

“…2 Some abnormalities may be seen with ultrasound, such as consolidation, atelectesis, and pulmonary masses. 4,18,19 Ultrasound-guided aspiration can either be performed conscious or with sedation, 4 but undertaking a biopsy procedure necessitates deep sedation or anesthesia. 3,4 CT is the preferred imaging modality for pulmonary disease and the CT findings in normal cats and those with pleural, pulmonary, and mediastinal diseases have been well described (Box 47-1).…”