Ultrasound-guided topographic anatomy of the medial calcaneal branches of the tibial nerve

Warchoł, Łukasz; Walocha, Jerzy; Mizia, Ewa; Bonczar, M; Liszka, Henryk; Koziej, Mateusz

doi:10.5603/fm.a2020.0062

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The tibial nerve bifurcation level shows a great variability as so depending on the study its localization is referred to the medial or lower located lateral malleolus [24,43]. Most commonly it is described below the tip of the medial malleolus, inside the tarsal tunnel [42]. Tibial nerve and its branches provides innervation to the posterior lower leg, the muscles and skin of the sole of the foot [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the histological structure of the tibial nerve and its terminal branches in the fresh and fresh-frozen cadavers

et al. 2021

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Background: The aim of this study was to compare the histological structure (cross-sectional area (CSA) and number of nerve fascicles) of the distal part of the tibial nerve (TN) and its terminal branches (medial plantar nerve [MPN], lateral plantar nerve [LPN]) in the fresh and fresh-frozen cadavers using computer assisted image analysis. Materials and methods: The tibial nerve with terminal branches (medial and lateral plantar nerves) were dissected from the fresh and fresh-frozen cadavers. Each nerve was harvested 5 mm proximally and respectively 5 mm distally from the tibial nerve bifurcation, marked, dehydrated, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 2 µm slices and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Then the specimens were photographed and analyzed using Olympus cellSens software. Results: The fresh cadavers group comprised 60 feet (mean age 68.1 ± 15.2 years). The mean CSA and the number of nerve fascicles were respectively 15.25 ± 4.6 mm 2 , 30.35 ± 8.45 for the tibial nerve, 8.76 ± 1.93 mm 2 , 20.75 ± 7.04 for the medial plantar nerve and 6.54 ± 2.02 mm 2 , 13.40 ± 5.22 for the lateral plantar nerve. The fresh-frozen cadavers group comprised 21 feet (mean age 75.1 ± 9.0 years). The mean CSA and the number of nerve fascicles were respectively 13.71 ± 5.66 mm 2 , 28.57 ± 8.00 for the tibial nerve, 7.55 ± 3.25 mm 2 , 18.00 ± 6.72 for the medial plantar nerve and 4.29 ± 1.93 mm 2 , 11.33 ± 1.93 for the lateral plantar nerve. Only lateral plantar nerves showed statistical differences in the CSA and the number of nerve fascicles between examined groups (p = 0.000, p = 0.037 respectively). A positive correlation was found between donors age and tibial nerve CSA in the fresh cadavers group (r = 0.44, p = 0.000). A statistical difference was found between the medial and lateral plantar nerves both in the CSA and the number of nerve fascicles (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 respectively). Conclusions: The CSA and the number of nerve fascicles of the tibial and medial plantar nerves were similar in the fresh and fresh-frozen cadavers whilst different in the lateral plantar nerve. The tibial nerve showed increasing CSA with the advanced age in the fresh cadavers. The medial plantar nerve had larger CSA and more nerve fascicles than the lateral plantar nerve.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the histological structure of the tibial nerve and its terminal branches in the fresh and fresh-frozen cadavers

et al. 2021

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“…We also observed that the origin of the MCN was highly variable. The MCN has been reported to branch inside the TT [20,23,27,30,34,41,52,62,77], or proximal to it [18,20,57,73,77].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MPN and LPN) has also been noted if the origin of the MCN is very high or low [20,21,30,75]. Authors have classified the bifurcation of TN into five types, of which type I (bifurcation proximal to the MCA but in the TT) is most frequent [7,15,32,35,36,41,52,54,71,77,78]. Some have also measured the distance of the bifurcation from the MCA and found it usually to be within 2 cm proximal to the axis [7,18,52,77].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the branching pattern of tibial nerve in foot: a review of literature and relevant clinical anatomy

Priya¹,

Ghosh²,

Walocha³

et al. 2023

Folia Morphol

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“…The present study reveals data obtained using computer-assisted analysis of the histological structure of the distal tibial nerve and its terminal branches: medial and lateral plantar nerves. Literature analysis shows that the previous studies focused mostly on the variations of the topographic anatomy of the tibial nerve, its bifurcation, branching pattern and the cross-sectional area measured by the ultrasound imaging [33]. A limited number of studies concentrated on the histological structure of the tibial nerve and its distal branches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tibial nerve bifurcation level shows a great variability with the most common occurrence below the tip of the medial malleolus, inside the tarsal tunnel [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer-assisted measurements of the histological structure of the tibial nerve and its terminal branches

et al. 2021

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Ultrasound-guided topographic anatomy of the medial calcaneal branches of the tibial nerve

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Comparison of the histological structure of the tibial nerve and its terminal branches in the fresh and fresh-frozen cadavers

Comparison of the histological structure of the tibial nerve and its terminal branches in the fresh and fresh-frozen cadavers

Variations in the branching pattern of tibial nerve in foot: a review of literature and relevant clinical anatomy

Computer-assisted measurements of the histological structure of the tibial nerve and its terminal branches

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