Ultrasound Imaging of Facial Vascular Neural Structures and Relevance to Aesthetic Injections: A Pictorial Essay

Abstract

The facial and submental regions are supplied by complicated neurovascular networks; therefore, facial aesthetic injections may be associated with serious adverse events such as skin necrosis and blindness. Pre-injection localization of neurovascular structures using high-resolution ultrasound can theoretically prevent unexpected complications. Therefore, a systematic protocol that focuses on these facial neurovascular structures is warranted. In this pictorial essay, we discuss the sonoanatomy of facial and submental neurovascular structures and its relevance to aesthetic injections. Moreover, we have highlighted the mechanisms underlying potential neurovascular injuries during aesthetic injections.

Ultrasound‐Guided Vs Non‐Guided Prolotherapy for Internal Derangement of Temporomandibular Joint. A Randomized Clinical Trial

“…Sample size calculation was done using the comparison of VAS between patients with internal derangement of temporomandibular joint treated with US-guided prolotherapy and those treated with a nonguided group. As reported in a previous publication, 21 the mean AE SD of (VAS) in the non-guided group was 2.13 AE 0.991, and according to our supervisor's and experts' opinion, we expected that VAS in the USguided group would be 3.5. Accordingly, the minimum proper sample size calculated was 9 participants in each group to be able to reject the null hypothesis with 80% power at α = 0.05 level using Student t-test for independent samples.…”

“…First, the joint was scanned in longitudinal and transverse views (parallel and perpendicular to the mandibular ramus respectively). B‐mode and Doppler were applied to locate important neurovascular structures around the joint: the auriculotemporal nerve and the main trunk of the superficial temporal artery 21 …”

“…B-mode and Doppler were applied to locate important neurovascular structures around the joint: the auriculotemporal nerve and the main trunk of the superficial temporal artery. 21 A puncture point was marked, and the joint area was sterilized using a sterile gauze soaked in a disinfectant solution. Two target point injection approach was used.…”

Pulsed Radiofrequency for Postherpetic Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Case Report

“…Finally, the use of ultrasound, both for nerve block and PRF procedures, allows us to visualize all the anatomical structures correctly, facilitating not only the correct positioning of the needle [ 10 ] but also avoiding the numerous vascular structures and superficial and deep neurovascular that could cause unexpected complications [ 11 ].…”

Ultrasound Diagnosis and Guided Intervention of Musculoskeletal/Neuromuscular Pathology 2022

“…Lam et al [14] conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of different regimens for ultrasound-guided intervention in carpal tunnel syndrome. Wu et al [15] presented a systematic protocol for examining facial neurovascular structures and discussed their relevance to aesthetic injections. Wu et al [16] further explored the anatomy of ischiofemoral spaces, utilizing cadaveric models and magnetic resonance imaging, and discussed the application of ultrasound in diagnosing and guiding injections for ischiofemoral impingement syndrome.…”