Ultrasound in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Brekken, Reidar; Dahl, Torbjørn; Hernes, Toril A. Nagelhus

doi:10.5772/19637

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…( 2005 ); Catalano and Siani ( 2005 ); Brekken et al. ( 2011 )). Some common limitations of US diagnosis include: suboptimal imaging, attenuation and inaccurate measurements, often due to bowel gas, obesity, artery tortuosity and/or calcification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method for non-invasively detecting the severity and location of aortic aneurysms

Sazonov

Khir

Hacham

et al. 2017

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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The influence of an aortic aneurysm on blood flow waveforms is well established, but how to exploit this link for diagnostic purposes still remains challenging. This work uses a combination of experimental and computational modelling to study how aneurysms of various size affect the waveforms. Experimental studies are carried out on fusiform-type aneurysm models, and a comparison of results with those from a one-dimensional fluid–structure interaction model shows close agreement. Further mathematical analysis of these results allows the definition of several indicators that characterize the impact of an aneurysm on waveforms. These indicators are then further studied in a computational model of a systemic blood flow network. This demonstrates the methods’ ability to detect the location and severity of an aortic aneurysm through the analysis of flow waveforms in clinically accessible locations. Therefore, the proposed methodology shows a high potential for non-invasive aneurysm detectors/monitors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method for non-invasively detecting the severity and location of aortic aneurysms

Sazonov

Khir

Hacham

et al. 2017

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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“…23,24 Although these changes occur with aging, they are accelerated in hypertension [22,23,24]. A number of other authors had shown that AAD increases with blood pressure, even in non hypertensives [7,9,17,25,[26][27][28][29]. These factors are hypothesis for further studies in our population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Ultrasound Measurement of the Abdominal Aortic Diameter in a Normotensive and Hypertensive Adult Nigerian Population in Enugu

Agu

Uduma

Njeze

et al. 2019

JAMMR

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Background: Hypertension has direct effect on abdominal aortic diameter. Some of its manifestations are aortic aneurysm and dissection. Aims: To compare the AAD among adult normotensive and hypertensive subjects as well as correlating with age, sex and blood pressure. Materials and Methods: Participants will be randomly selected from hypertensives attending Cardiology Clinic, in University of Nigeria teaching hospital (UNTH) Enugu, Nigeria. Controls will be apparently healthy normotensive volunteers. Participants’ demographics, weight, height and blood pressure will be documented. Ultrasound measurements of infrarenal AAD will be taken at 2 cm below the origin of the superior mesenteric artery. Data will be statistically analyzed and a p-value of ≤ 0.05 will be considered significant. Results: 300 participants: comprising of 150 normotensives and 150 hypertensives were studied. The mean values for AAD in normotensive males and females were 16.66 ± 2.04 mm and 15.36 ± 1.97 mm respectively. Whereas the values for hypertensives, changed to 18.89 ± 2.64 mm and 16.57 ± 2.54 mm respectively. The AAD showed a positive correlation with systolic blood pressure (r2 = 0.317, P ≤ 0.001) but not with diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Abdominal aortic diameter was significantly larger among hypertensives than normotensives. The diameter increased with age in both normotensive and hypertensive subjects.

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“…There is a growing interest in using real-time 3D US to deal with the aforesaid problems [18]. Delivery of fenestrated stent grafts could be guided with real-time 3D US as the tips of guide wires can be tracked in 3D [19]. Its combination with preoperative CT data, which addresses the orientation problem of 3D US with an intuitive and understandable way of displaying these volumes [20], could be useful for navigation in EVAR procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigation and visualisation with HoloLens in endovascular aortic repair

García-Vázquez

Haxthausen

Jäckle

et al. 2018

Innovative Surgical Sciences

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IntroductionEndovascular aortic repair (EVAR) is a minimal-invasive technique that prevents life-threatening rupture in patients with aortic pathologies by implantation of an endoluminal stent graft. During the endovascular procedure, device navigation is currently performed by fluoroscopy in combination with digital subtraction angiography. This study presents the current iterative process of biomedical engineering within the disruptive interdisciplinary project Nav EVAR, which includes advanced navigation, image techniques and augmented reality with the aim of reducing side effects (namely radiation exposure and contrast agent administration) and optimising visualisation during EVAR procedures. This article describes the current prototype developed in this project and the experiments conducted to evaluate it.MethodsThe current approach of the Nav EVAR project is guiding EVAR interventions in real-time with an electromagnetic tracking system after attaching a sensor on the catheter tip and displaying this information on Microsoft HoloLens glasses. This augmented reality technology enables the visualisation of virtual objects superimposed on the real environment. These virtual objects include three-dimensional (3D) objects (namely 3D models of the skin and vascular structures) and two-dimensional (2D) objects [namely orthogonal views of computed tomography (CT) angiograms, 2D images of 3D vascular models, and 2D images of a new virtual angioscopy whose appearance of the vessel wall follows that shown in ex vivo and in vivo angioscopies]. Specific external markers were designed to be used as landmarks in the registration process to map the tracking data and radiological data into a common space. In addition, the use of real-time 3D ultrasound (US) is also under evaluation in the Nav EVAR project for guiding endovascular tools and updating navigation with intraoperative imaging. US volumes are streamed from the US system to HoloLens and visualised at a certain distance from the probe by tracking augmented reality markers. A human model torso that includes a 3D printed patient-specific aortic model was built to provide a realistic test environment for evaluation of technical components in the Nav EVAR project. The solutions presented in this study were tested by using an US training model and the aortic-aneurysm phantom.ResultsDuring the navigation of the catheter tip in the US training model, the 3D models of the phantom surface and vessels were visualised on HoloLens. In addition, a virtual angioscopy was also built from a CT scan of the aortic-aneurysm phantom. The external markers designed for this study were visible in the CT scan and the electromagnetically tracked pointer fitted in each marker hole. US volumes of the US training model were sent from the US system to HoloLens in order to display them, showing a latency of 259±86 ms (mean±standard deviation).ConclusionThe Nav EVAR project tackles the problem of radiation exposure and contrast agent administration during EVAR interventions by using a multidisciplinary approach to guide the endovascular tools. Its current state presents several limitations such as the rigid alignment between preoperative data and the simulated patient. Nevertheless, the techniques shown in this study in combination with fibre Bragg gratings and optical coherence tomography are a promising approach to overcome the problems of EVAR interventions.

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Ultrasound in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Cited by 4 publications

References 120 publications

A novel method for non-invasively detecting the severity and location of aortic aneurysms

A novel method for non-invasively detecting the severity and location of aortic aneurysms

Ultrasound Measurement of the Abdominal Aortic Diameter in a Normotensive and Hypertensive Adult Nigerian Population in Enugu

Navigation and visualisation with HoloLens in endovascular aortic repair

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