Biofuels - State of Development 2018
DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.74303
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Ultrasound Methods for Biodiesel Production and Analysis

Abstract: Ultrasonic techniques have been widely used in biodiesel production, since the acoustic cavitation is a phenomenon capable of accelerating potentially the transesterification reactions. The equipment employed in such approach was simply equipment available in any regular laboratory of chemistry. Further developments introduced the ultrasound as an important tool to produce biodiesel. The main advantage is increasing the conversion of esters at reduced reaction times, with significantly lower production costs. … Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…The ultrasonic transducers, both with 36.5 mm diameters, operated in continuous mode at frequencies of 1 MHz and 3 MHz. In this device, different than the use of ultrasonic probe, there is no separation between the transducer and the liquid surface (direct application), thus, the volume of wave propagation is more confined [38] . The transducer was positioned at the surface of the liquid with the aid of a micrometrical graduated positioning system (Newport Corporation, CA, USA), as shown in Fig.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The ultrasonic transducers, both with 36.5 mm diameters, operated in continuous mode at frequencies of 1 MHz and 3 MHz. In this device, different than the use of ultrasonic probe, there is no separation between the transducer and the liquid surface (direct application), thus, the volume of wave propagation is more confined [38] . The transducer was positioned at the surface of the liquid with the aid of a micrometrical graduated positioning system (Newport Corporation, CA, USA), as shown in Fig.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ultrasound-assisted biodiesel production employs high-frequency ultrasound waves to enhance the transesterification reaction, typically operating at frequencies between 20 and 50 kHz with power exceeding 200 W [52,91]. This technique induces cavitation bubbles, leading to localized high temperatures and pressures that accelerate the reaction.…”
Section: Ultrasound-assisted Techniquementioning
confidence: 99%
“…This technology refers to the process of applying sound energy with frequencies of pressure oscillation above 20 kHz [ 72 ]. This method is capable to promote homogenization between the reagents through acoustic cavitation, thus increase the conversion of esters at reduced reaction times, with lower production costs [ 73 ]. Acoustic cavitation means the formation and collapse of bubbles in liquid irradiated by extreme ultrasound, often exceeding the sound velocity in the liquid [ 74 ].…”
Section: Intensification Of Microwave-combined Reactor Technologymentioning
confidence: 99%