Ultrasound of the Placenta: A Systematic Approach. Part I: Imaging

Abramowicz, Jacques S.

doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2007.12.006

Cited by 84 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…Conventional 2D ultrasounds have been widely used for evaluating placental morphology, anatomy, location, implantation, anomaly, and size. 65 With the advent of 3D ultrasounds, it has now become possible to measure precise placental volume, 3D placental vasculature, and placental blood flow. 3D ultrasounds provide an improved surface-rendered imaging platform, which essentially helps in providing more detailed information on placental abnormality.…”

Section: Real-time Evaluation Of Placental Development: Tools For Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provocative ideas on human placental biology: A prerequisite for prevention and treatment of neonatal health challenges

Sehgal

Bhatnagar

Pallavi

2017

American J Rep Immunol

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this meeting were the critical evaluation of placental physiology and its development.Special emphasis was placed on understanding the consequences and implications of placental development in sustenance of pregnancy and in pregnancy-associated complications such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and preterm birth.This meeting brought together experienced as well as novice clinicians and biologists who have a keen interest in the field of placental biology, including development of new technologies and methods for evaluating the role of placenta in predicting pregnancy outcomes. The meeting primarily focused on (i) high-throughput "-omics" approaches, (ii) maternal nutrition and placental function, (iii) placental infection and inflammation, (iv) real-time evaluation of placental development: tools for placental research, and (v) epidemiologic relevance of placental-based research. Unanimous consensus emerged among the participants to carry out additional work focused on these areas. In this article, we summarize the talks and review the published literature on the above-mentioned niches. As a direct outcome of this meeting, a request for applications has been announced by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, for pursuing research in this vital but understudied domain. K E Y W O R D Sclinical imaging, epidemiology, maternal nutrition, omics, placenta | LAYING THE BACKGROUNDProf. Renu Dhingra, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, introduced the basics of placental anatomy and development. Placenta is a noteworthy organ that has evolved to support fetus in utero and is likely to be the key determinant of fetal growth. Formation of placenta requires a developmental progression, which proceeds in a specific order over time, specified by the trophoblast but dependent on maternal environment for correct expression.The trophoblast of the embedded/implanted blastocyst differentiates into two cellular layers inner mononuclear cytotrophoblast and outer multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast. Development of this discoid, chorioallantoic, and haemochorial human placenta is then characterized by lacunar and villous stages thus giving rise to primary, secondary, and tertiary chorionic villi. The development of placenta is not autonomous but is affected by maternal, periconceptional, genetic, and immune factors, which further influence the process of implantation, spiral artery remodeling, uteroplacental blood flow, and thus placental supply of nutrients and oxygen to fetus. Placental structural and functional abnormalities may not only cause numerous adverse pregnancy outcomes but also affect the long-term health of both mother and offspring. Thus, increasing the understanding of its structure and

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Section: Real-time Evaluation Of Placental Development: Tools For Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provocative ideas on human placental biology: A prerequisite for prevention and treatment of neonatal health challenges

Sehgal

Bhatnagar

Pallavi

2017

American J Rep Immunol

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“…6 . Calcification occurring at an earlier stage, however, has been associated with pregnancy induced hypertension, fetal growth restriction, and intra-partum fetal distress.…”

Section: -5mentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Power Doppler ultrasound and computerised placental assessment in normal pregnancy

et al. 2014

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“…This may become placenta praevia in the third trimester, after the formation of the lower uterine segment 14 . When the placenta is near the internal os, there is an increased risk of aberrant vessels over the cervix.…”

Section: Risk Factors At the Mid‐trimester Scanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasa praevia: ultrasound diagnosis at the mid‐trimester scan

Marr¹,

Ashton²,

Stemm³

et al. 2013

Australas J Ultrason Med

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Background: Vasa praevia is a condition in which fetal vessels, unsupported by the umbilical cord or placenta, run on the fetal membranes in the lower uterine segment near the cervix. Rupture of these vessels prior to or at the time of delivery is associated with a very high perinatal mortality rate. Antenatal diagnosis of this condition with ultrasound is readily available, alters management and significantly decreases the risk of fetal loss. Materials and methods: We describe our experience of diagnosing vasa praevia at a tertiary referral ultrasound centre. The ultrasound characteristics that led to the diagnosis of vasa praevia and associated risk factors will be discussed. A guide to aid sonographers when performing an obstetric examination to help screen for this condition has been included. Conclusions: Where suspicion of vasa praevia is raised, and cannot be ruled out on transvaginal ultrasound, a third trimester scan is required.

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Ultrasound of the Placenta: A Systematic Approach. Part I: Imaging

Cited by 84 publications

References 141 publications

Provocative ideas on human placental biology: A prerequisite for prevention and treatment of neonatal health challenges

Provocative ideas on human placental biology: A prerequisite for prevention and treatment of neonatal health challenges

3D Power Doppler ultrasound and computerised placental assessment in normal pregnancy

Vasa praevia: ultrasound diagnosis at the mid‐trimester scan

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