Ultrassonografia transcraniana em cães hígidos: padronização da técnica e descrição anatômica

Cintra, Thassila Cáccia Feragi; Carvalho, Cibele Figueira; Canola, J. C.; Nepomuceno, Anelise Carvalho

doi:10.1590/s0102-09352014000100010

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Assim, tornando o RX e US métodos mais acessíveis (Ludwig et al, 2015). Quanto a radiografia em casos de deformação craniana, ainda é o método mais utilizado como escolha para diagnóstico de hidrocefalia pelo médico veterinário, mesmo na eventualidade de que a radiografia convencional não colabore expressivamente para tal diagnóstico, em virtude da sua insensibilidade aos tecidos moles (Cintra et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A ultrassonografia trans craniana (USTC), diferentemente da medicina veterinária, na neonatologia humana apresenta-se como a categoria primeiramente adotada em casos de suspeita de hidrocefalia, tanto em neonatos quanto em crianças (Carvalho et al, 2007). Fato este sustentado devido a USTC ser um recurso o qual não utiliza radiação ionizante, podendo ser utilizada de maneira periódica sem originar danos à saúde do paciente, além de apresentar baixo custo e amplo valor diagnóstico, especialmente devido sua rapidez e não ser um método invasivo, não necessitando de anestesia para sua realização (Cintra et al, 2014). Tais aspectos levados na escolha da utilização da USTC no paciente do caso.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Como método de primeira escolha na rotina veterinária, é preconizado o uso da radiografia, embora não contribua consideravelmente para diagnosticar definitivamente tal enfermidade (Carvalho et al, 2007;Carvalho & Chammas, 2008). Em caso da fontanela bregmática persistente ou em determinados casos utilização do osso temporal como janela acústica, a ultrassonografia se torna o meio mais viável para o diagnóstico de hidrocefalia (Cintra et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Hidrocefalia canina diagnosticada através de ultrassonografia transcraniana: Relato de caso

Silva¹,

Silva²,

Santos³

et al. 2021

Pubvet

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A hidrocefalia considerada uma anomalia multifatorial, associada ao acúmulo ou passagem inadequada do líquido cefalorraquidiano, as consequências de tal enfermidade podem ser dilatação, aumento de volume e subsequente atrofia e destruição do parênquima encefálico. Seu diagnóstico definitivo se dá através de exames de imagem. Assim, tem-se como objetivo relatar o caso do diagnóstico ultrassonográfico de hidrocefalia congênita em um canino de raça pug com 45 dias. A paciente demonstrava sinais neurológicos, como vocalização constante, head pressing e desorientação, além de atraso no desenvolvimento em relação ao restante da ninhada. Para o diagnóstico foi realizado exame ultrassonográfico da janela temporal direita, esquerda e fontanela.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Hidrocefalia canina diagnosticada através de ultrassonografia transcraniana: Relato de caso

Silva¹,

Silva²,

Santos³

et al. 2021

Pubvet

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“…We wanted to show the brain in its in situ position, where the surrounding vessels and the cranial nerves, the skull and associated structures can be traced. Other studies have made structural imaging of the canine head and brain: from just a few sections of the canine head and brain for demonstrational purposes with MRI [51–55], or with CT [56,57], ultrasonography [58,59], to detail anatomical marking on the MRI images [47,60,61], using both MR and CT imaging of the brain [62], and the creation of different MRI brain templates from breed-averaged data [63,64]. The brain was removed to section without performing previous diagnostic imaging in two studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI, CT and high resolution macro-anatomical images with cryosectioning of a Beagle brain: Creating the base of a multimodal imaging atlas

Czeibert

Grimm

Nagy³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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Most common methods that directly show macro- or microscopic anatomy of the brain usually require the removal of the organ from the neurocranium. However, the brain can be revealed in situ by using proper sectioning techniques. Our aim was to both improve the cryosectioning method, test its limits and create a high-resolution macro-anatomical image series of a Beagle brain, which at the time of the study did not exist. A two-year-old female Beagle has been scanned with CT and MRI ante and post mortem, then the arteries of the head were filled with red resin. After freezing to -80°C, a neurocranium block was created and was embedded into a water-gelatin mix. Using a special milling device and a DSLR camera, 1112 consecutive RGB-color cryosections were made with a 100 μm layer thickness and captured in high resolution (300 dpi, 24-bit color, and pixel size was 19.5 x 19.5 μm). Image post-processing was done with Adobe Photoshop CS3 and Thermo Scientific Amira 6.0 softwares, and as a result of the proper alignment and coregistration, visualization and comparing was possible with all the applied imaging modalities (CT, MRI, cryosectioning) in any arbitrary plane. Surface models from the arteries, veins, brain and skull were also generated after segmentation in the same coordinate system, giving a unique opportunity for comparing the two-dimensional and three-dimensional anatomy. This is the first study which focuses directly to this high-definition multimodal visualization of the canine brain, and it provides the most accurate results compared to previous cryosectioning studies, as using an improved method, higher image quality, more detailed image, proper color fidelity and lower artefact formation were achieved. Based on the methodology we described, it can serve as a base for future multimodal (CT, MR, augmented- or virtual reality) imaging atlases for medical, educational and scientific purposes.

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“…In all cases, hydrocephalus was diagnosed by clinical signs, neurological and physical exam, and ultrasonography of the brain (transcranial sonography -TCS) through open fontanelles and/or temporal window, as well as through foramen magnum window (Carvalho et al 2007, Cintra et al 2014. In addition to the TCS, in some cases, computed tomography (CT) was also performed to diagnose hydrocephalus and/or concomitant anomalous disease, when additional imaging was recommended to accomplish the final diagnose.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical therapy using omeprazole in 12 hydrocephalic dogs: clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic findings

et al. 2019

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According to experimental studies with healthy dogs, omeprazole might decrease the CSF production by about 26%; therefore, book texts have been suggested the usage of omeprazole in medical protocols for hydrocephalus treatment. However, to the best knowledge of the authors, the usage and medical response of the omeprazole with substantial group of illness dogs, such as hydrocephalic animals, was lacking. This report describes clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic findings in 12 dogs with hydrocephalus in which omeprazole were used for medical treatment. The diagnosis of hydrocephalus was accomplished by transcranial sonography (TCS) and/or computed tomography. The ventricular measurement was assessed periodically by TCS during medical treatment. Six dogs were diagnosed with non-obstrutive hydrocephalus and in the other 6 cases hydrocephalus occurred with other concomitant anomalous encephalic disease often related with obstructive hysdrocephalus, such as quadrigeminal cist, arachnoid cyst, chiary-like malformation, and syringomyelia. All of them had medical improvement after the use of omeprazole and the most of the cases had ventricular size reduction. In 10 dogs, the omeprazole was used as single drug, and in 2 dogs medical treatment with steroids and/or diuretics was previously being performed, and omeprazole was added because conventional treatment was resulting in mild to unsatisfactory medical control of the neurological status. The results of this paper shown that omeprazole may be used to ameliorate the neurological status in symptomatic hydrocephalic dogs. This work may represent the first description about the use of omeprazole in order to treat a substantial group of affected dogs with suspected increased intracranial pressure by hydrocephalus, probably due to limitation of CSF production.

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Ultrassonografia transcraniana em cães hígidos: padronização da técnica e descrição anatômica

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Hidrocefalia canina diagnosticada através de ultrassonografia transcraniana: Relato de caso

Hidrocefalia canina diagnosticada através de ultrassonografia transcraniana: Relato de caso

MRI, CT and high resolution macro-anatomical images with cryosectioning of a Beagle brain: Creating the base of a multimodal imaging atlas

Medical therapy using omeprazole in 12 hydrocephalic dogs: clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic findings

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