Ultrastable Hydrogel for Enhanced Oil Recovery Based on Double-Groups Cross-Linking

Chen, Lifeng; Zhang, Guicai; Ge, Jijiang; Jiang, Ping; Zhu, Xiaoming; Ran, Yunling; Han, Shengxia

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02124

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Recently, polymer gels have been developed to modify the water injection profile and enhance oil recovery. 6−8 Polymer gels possess a uniform three-dimensional network structure and are formed by cross-linking the polymer molecules with a cross-linker. The most commonly used polymers are polyacrylamide (PAM), partially hydrolyzed polyAM (HPAM), and AM copolymers such as N -vinyl pyrrolidone, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonate, and N -vinyl acetamide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Instability on High-Temperature Conditions

Xiong

Fang

et al. 2018

ACS Omega

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A gel system composed of acrylamide (AM), N , N ′-methylenebisAM (BIS), and ammonium persulfate ((NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 ) was developed and applied extensively in reservoirs to reduce water cut and increase oil production in mature fields. However, this gel system suffers from thermal stability loss and syneresis at high temperatures that reduces its ability to control water flow. It has been widely accepted that the loss of gel thermal stability can be explained via three aspects: the rupture of polymer chains, the breakage of cross-linker chains, and hydrolysis of polymer. The mechanism of hydrogel syneresis through polymer hydrolysis has been investigated extensively in other publications. However, research on the other two mechanisms is quite limited. In this article, we conduct a series of experiments to demonstrate how the rupture of polymer and cross-linker chains leads to the hydrogel instability at high temperatures. Viscosity and energy-dispersive system measurements suggested that polyAM chains were disrupted by the oxidation reactions involving free radicals. The method to measure the cross-linking degree was established and in combination with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, the results showed that cross-linker chains were broken as a result of weaker C–N bond resulting from positively charged mesomethylene carbon and hydrolysis of amide groups on the cross-linker. Because of the application of deionized water in the experiments, nuclear magnetic resonance and FTIR measurements showed that the hydrolysis degree of polymer was weak. Hence, our results verified that breakage of polymer and cross-linker chains led to the rupture of the gel network at high temperature. Besides, cross-linker chains may play a more important role in the thermal stability of the gel, which explains some work into high-temperature-resistant gels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Instability on High-Temperature Conditions

Xiong

Fang

et al. 2018

ACS Omega

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“…Because the system had both weak bonds generated by the metal crosslinkers and strong bonds generated by the organic crosslinkers, the presence of the double-bond network effectively inhibited the high-temperature syneresis of the metal-crosslinked structure, which significantly improved the temperature resistance of the gel, allowing it to remain stable when aged at 140 °C for 120 days ( Figure 8 ). Similarly, an organic-inorganic composite crosslinker composed of a phenolic resin and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) was crosslinked with an acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride/AM (DAC/AM) copolymer to prepare a double-group crosslinked hydrogel that was capable of operating at 130 °C [ 59 ].…”

Section: Improving Temperature Resistance Of Polymer Gelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Crosslinking principles of the polymer gel with and without the addition of STPP crosslinker, respectively (Reprinted/adapted with permission from Ref. [ 59 ]. 2015, Chen, et al).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Types and Performances of Polymer Gels for Oil-Gas Drilling and Production: A Review

Lei

Sun

et al. 2022

Gels

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Polymer gels with suitable viscoelasticity and deformability have been widely used for formation plugging and lost circulation control, profile control, and water shutoff. This article systematically reviews the research progress on the preparation principle, temperature resistance, salt resistance, and mechanical properties of the ground and in situ crosslinked polymer gels for oil-gas drilling and production engineering. Then, it comparatively analyzes the applicable conditions of the two types of polymer gel. To expand the application range of polymer gels in response to the harsh formation environments (e.g., high temperature and high salinity), we reviewed strategies for increasing the high temperature resistance, high salt resistance, and rheological/mechanical strengths of polymer gels. This article provides theoretical and technical references for developing and optimizing polymer gels suitable for oil-gas drilling and production.

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“…The dehydration phenomenon of gel after shearing occurs because the shearing effect degrades the HPAM molecules, leading to the increase of acrylamide derivatives containing hydrophobic groups (double bonds, epoxy groups, etc. ), and the interaction between HPAM and water molecules weakens; The breakage of the molecular chain leads to the destruction of the "nano-pores" in the network structure of the polymer and the reduced water holding capacity [3]. The breaking of the HPAM molecular chain reduces the reaction between the cross-linking agent and the reactive groups on the polymer molecular segment, resulting in a decrease in the lattice density and a decrease in the strength of the gel [4].…”

Section: Shearing Effect On the Long-term Stability Of Gelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Polymer Flooding Profile Control and Antimony Technology

Hu¹,

Jiang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Material Science, Energy and Environmental Engineering (MSEEE 2018)

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In view of the problems of polymer flooding in wells with high concentration and severe coalescence, a polymer flooding profile control and anti-sludging efficiency enhancement technique was proposed. By adjusting the formulation of the gel system, profile control systems with different gel strengths were constructed. The pre-shearing experiment of the gelation liquid showed that the shearing effect severely affected the long-term stability and gel strength of the gel for the same formulation system with the same initial gel strength, and the addition of nanoparticles could effectively reduce the shear effect on the long-term stability of the gel. Impact. On this basis, the strength of the gel profile modification system was optimized through physical simulation. The results show that for GD polymer flooding reservoirs, only H-strength gel systems can effectively seal the high-permeability layers. Therefore, the optimized formulation for the formation of the solitary polydisperse reservoirs is 0.5% polymer N632+ 0.4% organic chromium crosslinker + 0.3% nanoparticle stabilizer.

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Ultrastable Hydrogel for Enhanced Oil Recovery Based on Double-Groups Cross-Linking

Cited by 33 publications

References 38 publications

Mechanism of Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Instability on High-Temperature Conditions

Mechanism of Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Instability on High-Temperature Conditions

Types and Performances of Polymer Gels for Oil-Gas Drilling and Production: A Review

Study on Polymer Flooding Profile Control and Antimony Technology

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