Ultrastable Magnetic Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Carbon for Magnetically Induced Catalysis

Abstract

Magnetically induced catalysis using magnetic nanoparticles (MagNPs) as heating agents is a new efficient method to perform reactions at high temperatures. However, the main limitation is the lack of stability of the catalysts operating in such harsh conditions. Normally, above 500 ºC, significant sintering of MagNPs takes place. Here we present encapsulated magnetic FeCo and Co NPs in carbon (Co@C and FeCo@C) as an ultra-stable heating material suitable for high temperature magnetic catalysis. Indeed, FeCo@C or a mixture of FeCo@C:Co@C (2:1) decorated with Ni or Pt-Sn showed good stability in terms of temperature and catalytic performances. In addition, consistent conversions and selectivities regarding conventional heating were observed for CO2 methanation (Sabatier Reaction), propane dehydrogenation (PDH) and propane dry reforming (PDR). Thus, the encapsulation of MagNPs in carbon constitutes a major advance in the development of stable catalysts for high temperature magnetically induced catalysis.

Bimetallic Nanoparticles Associating Noble Metals and First-Row Transition Metals in Catalysis

“…Another aspect that we have not explored in this Perspective but that we expect will develop in the coming years is the possibility of combining physical and chemical properties in a single entity to address the onset of catalytic reactions by an external optical or magnetic stimulus. We are presently engineering FeC x @Ru, FeCo@C, and FeNi 3 @Ni NPs for CO 2 methanation, methane dry re-forming, or hydrodeoxygenation of biomass platform molecules in solution in mild conditions . Here, all the phenomena of alloying, dealloying, and oxidation that we have highlighted in this Perspective can be present and can participate in the catalysis under the magnetic stimulus. − …”

Organometallic Nanoparticles Ligated by NHCs: Synthesis, Surface Chemistry and Ligand Effects

“…When the decomposition rate is slow, the nucleation step is limited, and NPs are bigger than when the decomposition rate is fast. Therefore, organometallic NPs with different sizes and morphologies have been reported by using diverse organometallic precursors on this synthetic route, including colloidal systems of noble metal NPs (Ru, Pt, Pd) [27,28] or magnetic NPs of the first transition series (Fe, Co) [35,36].…”

Commercial Cu2Cr2O5Decorated with Iron Carbide Nanoparticles as a Multifunctional Catalyst for Magnetically Induced Continuous‐Flow Hydrogenation of Aromatic Ketones

“…Attempts were also made to exploit the benefits associated with magnetic induction in heterogeneous catalysis [2] . More recently, small magnetic nanoparticles heated by magnetic induction were used either as heating agents or directly as catalysts to effectively activate chemical transformations in the gas phase (e.g., Fischer–Tropsch, [3] CO 2 methanation, [4] propane dehydrogenation, [4e] methane steam reforming [5] ) as well as in solution (e.g., hydrogenation, [6] amidation, [7] water splitting, [8] hydrogenolysis [9] ). Under magnetic induction, the heat required to unlock catalytic activity is generated directly by the magnetic nanocatalysts (Figure 1).…”