Ultrastructural Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Development in the Fetal Pig

Campion, D. R.; Fowler, Steven P.; Hausman, Gary; Reagan, J. O.

doi:10.1159/000145435

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In many cases the orientation of these early fibers presages their ultimate orientation. Early myofibers are presumably the primary myotubes that have been described with electron microscopy in a wide range of vertebrate embryos and neonates (Campion et al, 1981;Church, 1969;Ferns and Lamb, 1986;Gamble et al, 1978;Hilfer et al, 1973;Kelley and Zacks, 1969;Ontell, 1977;Stickland, 1982). The factors that influence myoblast shape change, alignment, and fusion have been studied both in vivo and in vitro.…”

Section: Fiber Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogeny of architectural complexity in embryonic quail visceral arch muscles

McClearn

Noden

1988

Am. J. Anat.

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Understanding the mechanisms of muscle pattern formation requires that the complete sequence of ontogenetic events be defined, particularly in the emergence of architectural complexity and in the spatial relations between muscles and skeletal elements. This analysis of visceral arch myogenesis in quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) embryos identifies the location of premuscle condensations and subsequent segregation of individual muscles, documents the initial orientation of myofibers and changes in alignment associated with maturation, and describes the spatial and temporal relations between muscle development and the formation of connective tissues. Premuscle condensations form within the visceral arches on embryonic days 2-4, before skeletal elements make their appearance. Discrete muscles may form from the subdivision of a muscle mass after fiber orientations have been established (e.g., jaw adductor and hyobranchial muscles) or by the segregation of a mesenchymal cluster from the condensation prior to the appearance of oriented fibers (e.g., protractor, muscle of the columella). The rate and pattern of subsequent muscle maturation are closely associated with the development of the hard tissues. Myogenesis in 4-9-day embryos centers around the quadrate cartilage, the retroarticular process of the mandibular (Meckel's) cartilage, and the epibranchial cartilage. Muscles form attachments on these elements and remain without additional attachments until the appropriate elements (e.g., otic capsule, pterygoid bone) develop. No single description of myogenic events applies to all visceral arch muscles, nor is there an arch-specific pattern of ontogeny. Rather, each muscle has distinctive characteristics based on its spatial relations within the developing head.

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Section: Fiber Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogeny of architectural complexity in embryonic quail visceral arch muscles

McClearn

Noden

1988

Am. J. Anat.

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“…The disintegration of plasma membranes accompanied by "fusion vesicles" is described as a characteristic feature of fusing skeletal myoblasts (Przybylski 1971). The fusion of early myoblast stages as well as the extent of myofibrillar organization at the post fusion stage corresponds to a large degree to the conditions of myotube formation in vertebrate skeletal muscle development (Kilarski and Kozlovska 1981 ;Campion et al 1981). In contrast, heart muscle cells are primarily mononucleated and, in anura, they also maintain this status in adulthood (Scheuermann 1974).…”

Section: Proliferation and Myogenesis (Stage 28)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly, the persistence of the centrioles preserved in some cases in mammalian skeletal muscle fibres (Campion et al 1981), is probably related to the limited regenerative capacity of the lymph heart myofibres, i.e. the ability to reenter the mitotic cycle (Markozashvili and Rumyantsev 1984b).…”

Section: Appearance Of Contractile Myofibres and Valve Differentiatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Early development and myogenesis of the posterior anuran lymph hearts

Greber¹,

Schipp²

1990

Anat Embryol

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The early development of anuran posterior lymph hearts studied by light- and electron-microscopy in frog larval stages 25-29 (Gosner 1960) can be subdivided into three phases. In phase I, mesenchymal myogenic cells are found, each possessing a single 9 + 0 cilium and numerous filopode-like processes aggregated near the vena caudalis lateralis, forming up to three metameric organ anlagen arranged like a cuff around the preexisting lymphatics (stages 26/27). In phase II, cell proliferation starts at stage 28 within the lymph heart wall as does the formation of primarily polynuclear myofibres by fusion of several myoblasts. At this stage immature myofibres show a vast sarcoplasm, a poorly developed SR and only few myofibrils with not yet distinguishable A- and I-bands. In phase III, the afferent and efferent valves are formed at the onset of pulsation in stage 29. Contractile myofibres contain large glycogen fields and a considerable amount of myofibrils which frequently branch and show distinct Z-lines, A-, I-, H- and M-bands; 1-3 cilia were found lying within a channel-like cell invagination. The peculiarities of organogenesis and myofibre development are discussed.

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Growth and metamorphosis of the rectus abdominis muscle in Rana pipiens

Lynch

1984

Journal of Morphology

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Cross sections through the middle segment of the anuran rectus abdominis muscle were analyzed morphometrically at nine stages of development, from early larval life through full maturity. The numbers, sizes, and relative distributions of twitch and slow muscle fibers, newly differentiated fibers, degenerating fibers, and satellite cells were determined at each stage. The data indicate that the muscle increases slowly in size and fiber content during early larval life. New fibers appear to form primarily along the medial margin of the muscle. During mid-larval stages, when thyroid hormone levels are rising, new fibers form throughout the medial portion of the muscle. At a slightly later stage, fibers in the lateral region of the muscle begin to degenerate. Structurally normal presynaptic elements are present on both degenerating fibers and the empty basal laminae of fibers that had been removed by phagocytes. Both fiber formation and fiber loss slow during midmetamorphic climax, at the time when thyroid hormone levels reach a peak in anurans and begin to decline. Degenerating fibers appear within the body of the muscle at the end of metamorphosis. By the end of the second postmetamorphic month, neither degenerating nor newly differentiated fibers are present. The muscle continues to grow through adult life primarily by fiber hypertrophy.

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Ultrastructural Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Development in the Fetal Pig

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Ontogeny of architectural complexity in embryonic quail visceral arch muscles

Ontogeny of architectural complexity in embryonic quail visceral arch muscles

Early development and myogenesis of the posterior anuran lymph hearts

Growth and metamorphosis of the rectus abdominis muscle in Rana pipiens

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