Ultrastructural and histochemical features of the endostyle of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis with special reference to the distribution of bound lodine

Thorpe, Alan; Thorndyke, Mike; Barrington, E. J. W.

doi:10.1016/0016-6480(72)90256-0

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Groups of cells in the ascidian endostyle have been described that bind iodine and contain peroxidase (Godeaux, 19891, a key enzyme in the iodination of proteins. In addition, free forms of monoiodotyrosine, diiodotyrosine, T3, and T4 have also been separated by thin layer chromatography of Ciorra intestinalis extracts (Thorpe et al, 1972). Future studies will be aimed a t determining whether thyroid hormones are synthesized during takeover in Rotryllus, and if so, by which organ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cyclical, developmentally‐regulated death phenomenon in a colonial urochordate

Lauzon

Ishizuka

Weissman

1992

Developmental Dynamics

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Botryllus schlosseri is a colonial ascidian whose asexually derived, clonally modular systems of zooids exhibit developmental synchrony. The blastogenic cycle culminates in a phase of programmed cell and zooid death called takeover, in which all functional zooids die over a 30 hr period, and are replaced by a new generation of individuals. Because of the weekly recurrence and magnitude of visceral death in this model organism, we have begun to characterize the mechanisms that govern takeover. Here we describe a monoclonal antibody (B3F12.9) that recognizes a novel 57 Kd polypeptide (under reducing conditions) localized to the perivisceral extracellular matrix (PVEM) of buds and zooids, as well as blood cells of Botryllus by immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling of tissue sections. During their active feeding phase, zooids exhibited a uniform labeling pattern of PVEM along their anteroposterior (A-P) axis. At the onset of takeover (T = 3 hr), B3F12.9 immunostaining became diffuse or absent at the anterior end, which paralleled the axis of contraction of the dying zooid, whereas the posterior end retained its labeling integrity. During mid (T = 15 hr) to late (T = 28 hr) takeover, issue damage was extensive, large blood macrophages and other B3F12.9 immunoreactive blood cells invaded the peribranchial cavity, whereas PVEM labeling gradually disappeared along the entire A-P axis. These findings indicate that takeover is a dynamic process in which extracellular matrix breakdown proceeds in a polarized fashion, beginning at the anterior end of each zooid and gradually propagating toward the posterior end. o 1992 WiIey-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cyclical, developmentally‐regulated death phenomenon in a colonial urochordate

Lauzon

Ishizuka

Weissman

1992

Developmental Dynamics

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“…The endostyle has several roles including suspension feeding and secretory function. According to previous reports (Olsson, 1963;Fujita and Namba, 1971;Thorpe et al, 1972;Ogasawara and Satoh, 1998;Ogasawara et al, 1999a,b;Ogasawara, 2000;Ristoratore et al, 1999;Venkatesh et al, 1999), the zones 1, 3 and 5 are supporting elements involved in catching and transporting food, the zones 1-4 produce the mucus, a complex of mucoproteins and mucopolysaccharides that can capture particles as small as bacteria (reviewed in Petersen (2007)), the zones 2 and 4 produce galectins following LPS inoculation (Parrinello et al, 2015), and the zones 7, 8 and 9 are thyroid-equivalent elements that incorporates iodine in iodoproteins, and have been retained homolog to the vertebrate thyroid (Ogasawara and Satoh, 1998;Ogasawara et al, 1999aOgasawara et al, , 1999bOgasawara, 2000;Ristoratore et al, 1999;Venkatesh et al, 1999). Recently, in the zones 7-9, the expression of a cell-adhesive peroxinectin-like that may be involved in the proPO system, has also been shown (Vizzini et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A trough-shaped structure (endostyle) is the first trait of the digestive system, it is a glandular ciliated groove that lays along the ventral wall of the pharynx, it extends to the esophagus, and produces the mucus for suspension feeding. It has been histologically divided in eight functional units called ''zones'' numbered bilaterally from midventral to dorsolateral (Barrington, 1957(Barrington, , 1958Fujita and Sawano, 1979;Fujita and Namba, 1971;Thorpe et al, 1972;Ogasawara and Satoh, 1998). In C. intestinalis, a long zone 9, consisting of low epithelial cells, further extends outside the endostyle furrow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulated transcription of phenoloxidase genes in the pharynx and endostyle of Ciona intestinalis in response to LPS

Vizzini

Parrinello

Sanfratello

et al. 2015

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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“…This homology, originally based on the reorganization of the larval endostyle into the adult thyroid in lampreys (Muller, 1873), is supported by iodine binding, peroxidase activity, thyroglobulin, and calcitonin-like cells both in endostyles and in thyroids (Gorbman and Creaser, 1943;Barrington, 1957;Thorpe et al, 1972;Thorndyke, 1978;Thorndyke and Probert, 1979;Kobayashi et al, 1983;Fredriksson et al, 1985Fredriksson et al, , 1988.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the thyroid: Anterior–posterior regionalization of theOikopleuraendostyle revealed byOtx,Pax2/5/8, andHox1expression

Cañestro

Bassham

Postlethwait

2008

Developmental Dynamics

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The thyroid in vertebrates and its homolog, the endostyle in nonvertebrate chordates, share a molecular code for dorsoventral patterning. Little is yet known, however, about mechanisms that pattern the endostyle's anterior-posterior (AP) axis. To extend our understanding of thyroid development and evolution, we studied Oikopleura dioica, a larvacean urochordate that retains a chordate body plan as adults. Transcription factor expression domains revealed AP regionalization of the endostyle, with expression of Otx rostrally, Hox1 caudally, and two Pax2/5/8 paralogs centrally. Comparative analysis suggested that the endostyle of stem chordates expressed orthologs of these genes and that ancestral subfunctions partitioned differentially among lineages. Because the ordered expression of Otx, Pax2/5/8, and Hox1 displays patterning in both the endodermally derived endostyle and the ectodermally derived central nervous system, we propose that this gene set belonged to the developmental genetic toolkit of stem bilaterians and repeatedly provided AP positional information in various developmental situations.

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Ultrastructural and histochemical features of the endostyle of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis with special reference to the distribution of bound lodine

Cited by 40 publications

References 16 publications

A cyclical, developmentally‐regulated death phenomenon in a colonial urochordate

A cyclical, developmentally‐regulated death phenomenon in a colonial urochordate

Upregulated transcription of phenoloxidase genes in the pharynx and endostyle of Ciona intestinalis in response to LPS

Evolution of the thyroid: Anterior–posterior regionalization of theOikopleuraendostyle revealed byOtx,Pax2/5/8, andHox1expression

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