Ultrastructural and histochemical studies of the egg capsules of Perla marginata (Panzer, 1799) and Dinocras cephalotes (Curtis, 1827) (Plecoptera : Perlidae)

The structure and ultrastructure of the egg capsules of stoneflies of the genusIsoperla(Insecta, Plecoptera, Perlodidae)

“…In radial organization, however, they are multilayered, and, as it was recently reported for Brachyptera risi Morton 1896 (Taeniopterygidae), they can be quite complicated (Michalik et al, ). In contrast, the Systellognatha, which prefers turbulent streams—lay their eggs in thick, hard, usually regionally, as well as radially, differentiated egg capsules (Fenoglio & Rościszewska, ; Knispel et al, ; Rościszewska, , 1995, 1996b, present study). In the context of the aforementioned differences of the egg capsules which function in such different aquatic environments, the question arises of whether a ground‐plan of the egg capsules in Plecoptera does exist.…”

“…Morphology of the egg capsules of Plecoptera (stoneflies) of both groups distinguished in the suborder Arctoperlaria: the Euholognatha and Systellognatha has been investigated and described many times (Isobe, ; Kishimoto, ; Knispel, Rościszewska, Vinçon, & Lubini, ; Michalik, Rościszewska, & Miliša, ; Poprawa, Baran, & Rościszewska, ; Rościszewska, , b, ; Rościszewska & Jankowska, ; Sivec & Stark, ; Stark & Szczytko, ; Tierno de Figueroa & Derka, ; Tierno de Figueroa, Belardinelli, Fausto, Fochetti, & Mazzini, 2001; Ubero‐Pascal, Soler, & Puig ). Numerous differences in eggshell structure and ultrastructure were observed and interpreted as adaptations to the stoneflies mode of life (predatory—Systellognatha vs. herbivorous/detritusivorous—Euholognatha), or the environmental conditions of habitats of egg development (speed of the flow of water, its temperature, etc.).…”

“…The egg capsules of the two groups: Euholognatha and Systellognatha, distinguished in the Plecoptera–Arctoperlaria differ greatly, though it seems they are similar common in their ground‐plan (compare Michalik et al, ). Namely, they are multilayered and equipped with a micropyle (Michalik et al, ; Poprawa et al ; Rościszewska, , 1995, 1996a). Attachment structures and/or adhesive layers are common of both groups; however they can be developed as sophisticated structures (anchors/discs) in Systellognatha or simple adhesive layers in Euholognatha.…”

The structure and ultrastructure of the egg capsule of Brachyptera risi (Plecoptera, Nemouroidea, Taeniopterygidae) with some remarks concerning choriogenesis

“…The eggshells must, therefore, be well adapted to water habitat. Egg coverings of different species of Plecoptera have been previously described (Rościszewska ,, 1995, 1996a,b, 2003; Rościszewska and Jankowska, ; Sivec and Stark, ; Stark and Szczytko, , ,b). Based on these results, mainly concerning Systellognatha, it can be concluded that the egg capsules of the investigated stoneflies, despite their great morphologic diversity, are all organized according to the general description of an insect egg capsule (Kambysellis et al, ; Margaritis, ).…”

“…In stoneflies, similar to some other insects such as dragonflies or mayflies, whose embryonic development occurs in water, specialized additional attachment structures or some adhesive layers may be identified (Andrew and Tembhare, ; Gaino and Mazzini, ; Gaino and Rebora, ; Gaino et al, ; Isobe, ; Isobe and Uchida ; Poprawa et al, ; Rościszewska, ,b, 1996a,b, 2003; Rościszewska and Jankowska ; Stark and Szczytko, ; this study).…”