Ultrastructural and molecular characterization of Vairimorpha austropotamobii sp. nov. (Microsporidia: Burenellidae) and Thelohania contejeani (Microsporidia: Thelohaniidae), two parasites of the white-clawed crayfish, Austropotamobius pallipes complex (Decapoda: Astacidae)

Pretto, Tobia; Montesi, Francesco; Ghia, Daniela; Berton, Valeria; Abbadi, Miriam; Gastaldelli, Michele; Manfrin, Amedeo; Fea, Gianluca

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2017.11.002

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Based on our phylogenetic analysis, freshwater Thelohania branch outside of both Clades IV and V, and importantly branch together in a well-supported group separate from the marine T. butleri (Clade V), the only ‘true’ Thelohania species with genetic data available ( Figure 6 ). Our taxonomic revision is further supported by several recent studies [ 15 , 29 ]. The sequence demarcation plot we provide illustrates the dissimilarity between marine and freshwater Thelohania , based on the SSU rRNA gene ( Figure 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…For some of the first microsporidian genera described, such as the Nosema , it has proven vital to incorporate genetic data as part of a revision [ 41 ]. Several studies have called for a taxonomic revision of the polyphyletic genus Thelohania since it has become increasingly apparent that the marine Thelohania and the freshwater Thelohania are not closely related genetically and are in fact clades apart [ 7 , 15 , 21 ]. Other studies have begun to revise the polyphyletic genus by placing terrestrial Thelohania species into more appropriate genera based on genetic, phylogenetic, developmental, and ecological data [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, three species have been formally identified ( Thelohania contejeani , Thelohania montirivulorum , Thelohania parastaci ) [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Thelohania contejeani was the first crayfish-infecting Thelohania species to be described and has three known hosts in Europe [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Two Thelohania species have been described from Australia, T. montirivulorum and T. parastaci , which were identified from common yabby ( Cherax destructor ) [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revising the Freshwater Thelohania to Astathelohania gen. et comb. nov., and Description of Two New Species

et al. 2022

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Crayfish are common hosts of microsporidian parasites, prominently from the genus Thelohania. Thelohania is a polyphyletic genus, with multiple genetically distinct lineages found from freshwater and marine environments. Researchers have been calling for a revision of this group for over a decade. We provide evidence that crayfish-infecting freshwater Thelohania are genetically and phylogenetically distinct from the marine Thelohania (Clade V/Glugeida), whilst also describing two new species that give further support to the taxonomic revision. We propose that the freshwater Thelohania should be transferred to their own genus, Astathelohania gen. et comb. nov., in a new family (Astathelohaniidae n. fam.). This results in the revision of Thelohania contejeani (Astathelohania contejeani), Thelohania montirivulorum (Astathelohania montirivulorum), and Thelohania parastaci (Astathelohania parastaci). We also describe two novel muscle-infecting Astathelohania species, A. virili n. sp. and A. rusti n. sp., from North American crayfishes (Faxonius sp.). We used histological, molecular, and ultrastructural data to formally describe the novel isolates. Our data suggest that the Astathelohania are genetically distinct from other known microsporidian genera, outside any described family, and that their SSU rRNA gene sequence diversity follows their host species and native geographic location. The range of this genus currently includes North America, Europe, and Australia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revising the Freshwater Thelohania to Astathelohania gen. et comb. nov., and Description of Two New Species

et al. 2022

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“…Other examples of infection with microsporidia is Loma salmonae which infects salmons and Thelohania sp. infecting shrimps (Moodie et al 2003;Kent and Speare 2005;Becker and Speare 2007;Pretto et al 2018).…”

Section: Microsporidia As Parasites Related To Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

A global view on fungal infections in humans and animals: opportunistic infections and microsporidioses

et al. 2021

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After cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases are the second most common cause of death worldwide. Although these infections are caused mainly by viruses or bacteria, a systematically growing prevalence of human and animal opportunistic fungal infections is noticeable worldwide. More attention is being paid to this problem, especially due to the growing frequency of recalcitrant and recurrent mycoses. The latter are classically divided into superficial, which are the most common type, subcutaneous, and systemic. This work discusses opportunistic fungal pathogens without proven horizontal transmission between different animal species including humans and microsporidia as spore-forming unicellular parasites related to fungi; however, with a yet undetermined taxonomic position. The review also mentions etiological agents, risk factors, epidemiology, geographical distribution, and finally symptoms characteristic for individual disease entities. This paper provides insight into fungal infections from a global perspective and Accepted Article This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved simultaneously draws attention to emerging pathogens, whose prevalence is continuously increasing. Finally, this work also takes into consideration the correct nomenclature of fungal disease entities and the importance of secondary metabolites in the pathogenesis of fungal infections.

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“…However, except for the relatively few well‐established pathogens already mentioned above (i.e. A. astaci: Unestam, 1969; Vey et al., 1983; Diéguez‐Uribeondo et al., 1995; Aydin et al., 2014; Svoboda et al., 2017; Jussila et al., 2017 ; WSSV: Shi et al., 2000; Corbel et al., 2001; Huang et al., 2001; Edgerton, 2004; Jiravanichpaisal et al., 2004; Bateman et al., 2012; T. contejeani: Quilter, 1976; Graham & France, 1986; Lom et al., 2001; El‐Matbouli & Soliman, 2006; Imhoff et al., 2012; Pretto et al., 2017), many microbes that have been isolated from crayfish showing gross disease symptoms have never been thoroughly investigated. Most often, they were often only recorded without thoroughly addressing their epizootiology, pathology, biology and the causal relationship between the microbe and specific damage observed in the host has never been explored (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial pathogens of freshwater crayfish: A critical review and systematization of the existing data with directions for future research

Dragičević

Bielen

Petrić

et al. 2020

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Despite important ecological role and growing commercial value of freshwater crayfish, their diseases are underresearched and many studies examining potential crayfish pathogens do not thoroughly address their epizootiology, pathology or biology. This study reviews over 100 publications on potentially pathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi and fungal‐like microorganisms reported in crayfish and systematizes them based on whether pathogenicity has been observed in an analysed species. Conclusions on pathogenicity were based on successful execution of infectivity trials. For 40.6% of examined studies, microbes were successfully systematized, while for more than a half (59.4%) no conclusion on pathogenicity could be made. Fungi and fungal‐like microorganisms were the most studied group of microbes with the highest number of analysed hosts, followed by bacteria and viruses. Our analysis demonstrated the need for: (a) inclusion of higher number of potential host species in the case of viruses, (b) research of bacterial effects in tissues other than haemolymph, and (c) more research into potential fungal and fungal‐like pathogens other than Aphanomyces astaci. We highlight the encountered methodological challenges and biases and call for a broad but standardized framework for execution of infectivity trials that would enable systematic data acquisition on interactions between microbes and the host.

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Ultrastructural and molecular characterization of Vairimorpha austropotamobii sp. nov. (Microsporidia: Burenellidae) and Thelohania contejeani (Microsporidia: Thelohaniidae), two parasites of the white-clawed crayfish, Austropotamobius pallipes complex (Decapoda: Astacidae)

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Revising the Freshwater Thelohania to Astathelohania gen. et comb. nov., and Description of Two New Species

Revising the Freshwater Thelohania to Astathelohania gen. et comb. nov., and Description of Two New Species

A global view on fungal infections in humans and animals: opportunistic infections and microsporidioses

Microbial pathogens of freshwater crayfish: A critical review and systematization of the existing data with directions for future research

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