Ultrastructural characteristics of the lung of Melanophryniscus stelzneri stelzneri (Weyenberg, 1875) (Anura, Bufonidae)

Hermida, Gladys N.; Farías, Alejandro; Fiorito, Luisa E.

doi:10.32604/biocell.2002.26.347

Cited by 10 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…esculentus (Tei et al 2004). Several authors observed that in species provided with few goblet cells or lacking of them, pneumocytes are rich in cytoplasmic vesicles in the subapical plasmalemma that contribute to mucous secretion (Goniakowska-Witalińska 1980a, 1986, 1980bHermida et al 2002). Comparable cytoplasmic vesicles could not be recognized in P. kl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we clearly show that the lung of early-staged tadpoles (GS 32) presents some rudimentary features such as the presence of only two types of internal septa (i.e., first and second-order septa), the absence of ciliated epithelium and lamellar bodies and the occurrence of a limited number of mature dense body. In contrast, the lungs are well vascularized, and neuroepithelial cells (NEs) are still detected, displaying the typical ultrastructural characteristics described in other Anuran species (Goniakowska-Witalińska 1981;Hermida et al 2002). Although the role of NEs in vertebrate airways has not yet fully elucidated, it has been suggested that they perform a function of lung chemoreceptors and are sensitive to the content of O 2 and CO 2 (Goniakowska-Witalińska 1981, 1997.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrastructural observations on the lung of Pelophylax kl. esculentus tadpoles during development

Curcio

Macirella

Tripepi³

et al. 2020

The European Zoological Journal

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The anatomical organization of the lung in Pelophylax kl. esculentus tadpoles has been described in early and middle-staged tadpoles (Gosner stages 32 and 39). The lung's ontogenic development has been studied using light microscopy and both scanning and transmission electron microscopy. In the early-staged tadpoles, the lung is well vascularized, but it is provided with only two internal septa types and devoid of ciliated epithelium and lamellar bodies. The complete differentiation process is putatively reached in the middle-staged tadpoles (GS 39), and numerous septa of first, second, and third-order deeply protruding into the lung lumen could be recognized. The histological and ultrastructural features at this stage correspond to that described in the adults' lungs, but mucous secreting goblet cells could not be detected. Pneumocytes, with numerous apical microvilli, surround the growing network of capillaries and show a cytoplasm rich in dense bodies and few mature lamellar bodies. On the epithelial surface, a thin layer of mucous covering the underlying epithelium could also be seen. Neuroepithelial bodies, supposed to be involved in chemoreception, are organized in clusters on the first order septa and surrounded by cytoplasmatic processes originating by neighboring cells. The lung arrangement of P. kl. esculentus is compared with that of other Anurans in order to further elucidate the putative role of the lung in gas exchanges. The present studies reduce the information gap existing in the literature regarding lung morphology and development in amphibian larval stages, also contributing to the discussion on the onset of airbreathing respiration in tadpoles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural observations on the lung of Pelophylax kl. esculentus tadpoles during development

Curcio

Macirella

Tripepi³

et al. 2020

The European Zoological Journal

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“…Goblet cells secrete mucus and ciliated cells transport mucus, surfactants and clean debris (Dierichs, 1975;Goniakowska-Witalinska, 1986;Hermida et al, 2002). In Xenopus laevis (Meban, 1973), Rana temporaria, Pelophylax lessonae (Dierichs, 1975), Hyla arborea (Goniakowska-Witalinska, 1981, 1986, Rhinella arenarum (Hermida et al, 1998) and Melanophryniscus stelzneri (Hermida et al, 2002), one type of pneumocyte that combines the ultrastructure features usually found in type I and type II alveolar cells of mammalian were described. This type of pneumocyte appears to accomplish both functions, gaseous exchange and production of surface-active agents (Hermida et al, 1998(Hermida et al, , 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Xenopus laevis (Meban, 1973), Rana temporaria, Pelophylax lessonae (Dierichs, 1975), Hyla arborea (Goniakowska-Witalinska, 1981, 1986, Rhinella arenarum (Hermida et al, 1998) and Melanophryniscus stelzneri (Hermida et al, 2002), one type of pneumocyte that combines the ultrastructure features usually found in type I and type II alveolar cells of mammalian were described. This type of pneumocyte appears to accomplish both functions, gaseous exchange and production of surface-active agents (Hermida et al, 1998(Hermida et al, , 2002. On the contrary, in Rana kobai and Strauchbufo raddei (Okada et al, 1962) and in Chiromantis petersii (Maina, 1989), two types of pneumocytes were described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The axis is formed by loose connective tissue with elastic and collagenous fibres, fibrocytes and smooth muscle fibres, lined by respiratory epithelium. The apex presents a blood vessel surrounded by a bundle of smooth muscle cells (Goniakowska-Witalinska, 1986;Hermida et al, 1998Hermida et al, , 2002Rose & James, 2013;Viertel & Richter, 1999;Waterman, 1939). Three types of septa can be distinguished by their height and the type of epithelium surrounding the muscular cap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Larval and adult lung morphology of Trachycephalus typhonius (Anura: Hylidae)

2023

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Morphological studies are useful to develop analysis with taxonomic, phylogenetic, ecological, physiological and evolutionary approaches. During the life cycle, Anurans carry out gas exchange through different structures such as gills, skin and lungs. In general, the development of lungs during the larval period is scarce known and most studies analyse the morphology and ultrastructure of the lung wall at the adult stage. This study describes the development and morphology of the lung of Trachycephalus typhonius during the prometamorphic and metamorphic periods and adult stage. Lung development starts at premetamorphic stages and continues along the prometamorphic and metamorphic periods with the development of the lung wall vascularization and pulmonary septa. There are remarkable differences comparing the lung framework at the end of metamorphosis to the one in the adult stage, regarding different‐order septa and lung wall structure with a well‐developed vascular network. Therefore, the final organization occurs during the juvenile period. This work is the first approach to the study of lung development during larval stages in this species and complements previous studies on lung morphology. Also, contributes to the knowledge of lung morphogenesis and could be useful to interpret the respiratory physiology in different environmental conditions.

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Evolution of Air Breathing: Oxygen Homeostasis and the Transitions from Water to Land and Sky

Hsia

Schmitz

Lambertz

et al. 2013

Comprehensive Physiology

282

147

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Life originated in anoxia, but many organisms came to depend upon oxygen for survival, independently evolving diverse respiratory systems for acquiring oxygen from the environment. Ambient oxygen tension (PO2) fluctuated through the ages in correlation with biodiversity and body size, enabling organisms to migrate from water to land and air and sometimes in the opposite direction. Habitat expansion compels the use of different gas exchangers, for example, skin, gills, tracheae, lungs, and their intermediate stages, that may coexist within the same species; coexistence may be temporally disjunct (e.g., larval gills vs. adult lungs) or simultaneous (e.g., skin, gills, and lungs in some salamanders). Disparate systems exhibit similar directions of adaptation: toward larger diffusion interfaces, thinner barriers, finer dynamic regulation, and reduced cost of breathing. Efficient respiratory gas exchange, coupled to downstream convective and diffusive resistances, comprise the “oxygen cascade”—step-down of PO2 that balances supply against toxicity. Here, we review the origin of oxygen homeostasis, a primal selection factor for all respiratory systems, which in turn function as gatekeepers of the cascade. Within an organism's lifespan, the respiratory apparatus adapts in various ways to upregulate oxygen uptake in hypoxia and restrict uptake in hyperoxia. In an evolutionary context, certain species also become adapted to environmental conditions or habitual organismic demands. We, therefore, survey the comparative anatomy and physiology of respiratory systems from invertebrates to vertebrates, water to air breathers, and terrestrial to aerial inhabitants. Through the evolutionary directions and variety of gas exchangers, their shared features and individual compromises may be appreciated.

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Ultrastructural characteristics of the lung of Melanophryniscus stelzneri stelzneri (Weyenberg, 1875) (Anura, Bufonidae)

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Ultrastructural observations on the lung of Pelophylax kl. esculentus tadpoles during development

Ultrastructural observations on the lung of Pelophylax kl. esculentus tadpoles during development

Larval and adult lung morphology of Trachycephalus typhonius (Anura: Hylidae)

Evolution of Air Breathing: Oxygen Homeostasis and the Transitions from Water to Land and Sky

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