Ultrastructural Features of the Bovine Cecal Mucosa

Abstract

The cecal surface epithelium of cattle was lined entirely by columnar cells except near the openings of the glands where a few partially depleted goblet cells were encountered. Surface columnar cells with pale cytoplasm, indented (sometimes dome-shaped) apical border and irregular microvilli, were also found near the gland orifices. Surface columnar cells near the openings of the glands contained large cytoplasmic vacuoles and lysosomal-like bodies. Near the extrusion zone, however, the columnar cells contained highly indented and apically displaced nuclei. The glands were usually long and straight and lined by an epithelium concisting mainly of undifferentiated and goblet cells. There were few entero-endocrine and non-epithelial cells (intra-epithelial lymphocytes and globule leukocytes). Paneth cells were absent.The undifferentiated cells contained many free ribosomes and apical secretory granules. Some of these cells were undergoing mitotic division. Goblet cells exhibited a typical brandy-glass appearance and showed dark and light mucigenous granules. Endocrine cells with polymorphic secretory granules and cells with more uniform secretory granules were identified in the basal part of the epithelium. Globule leukocytes and intra-epithelial lymphocytes were usually encountered near the basal part of the epithelium.The lamina propria was highly cellular. It contained many plasma cells, mast cells and small lymphocytes, and few eosinophils, neutrophils and globule leukocytes. Some of the plasma cells contained large, dense Russell bodies within the cisternae of the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. The neutrophils displayed distinct populations of small and large cytoplasmic granules. Some of the eosinophilic granules showed narrow crystalline cores. Large lymphocytes were found in the lamina propria, but occurred less frequently than small lymphocytes.literature. Using the scanning electron microsope, WILLE (1975) examined the surface of the cecal mucosa in cattle, goat and sheep. He observed that the openings of the cecal intestinal glands in cattle were located in flat, round or oval-shaped surface elevations. In contrast, the openings of the cecal intestinal glands in the goat were wider and irregularly shaped. The surface morphology of the cecal mucosa in the sheep was similar to that of cattle. Modern veterinary histology texts by SAJONSKI/SMOLLICH (1972), BANKS (1981), and DELLMANN/BROWN (1981) do not contain a description of the ultrastructural features of the bovine cecal mucosa. U.S. Copyright Clearance Center Code Statement: 034&2096/85/1402-0116$02.50/0 Ultrastructural Features of the Bovine Cecal Mucosa 117Electron microscopic studies of the cecal mucosa in other species are scarce. The work by KANAKOUDIS (1973) in the horse dealt mainly with the secretory, granule-containing surface columnar cells. The fine structure of surface columnar cells overlying lymphoid nodules in the dog was described by ATKIN~SCHOFIELD (1972). The ultrastructure of the cecal mucosa has been ivnestigated in the rabbit ...

Zur funktionellen Morphologie der Dickdarm‐Mukosa von Rind (Bos primigenius f. taurus), Schaf (Ovis ammon f. aries) und Ziege (Capra aegagrus f. hircus)*

“…In der Basisregion der Cryptae intestinales finden sich auch die undeterminierten Stammzellen, aus denen die Regeneration der bekanntlich nur wenige Tage lebensfähigen Epithelzellen vor sich geht (Leblond, 1981). Der hier neben den Becherzellen dominierende Zelltyp –‘undifferentiated cells’ auch nach Maala und Cummings (1985)– ist, wie beschrieben, durch die massenhaft im supranukleären Zytoplasma vorkommenden Granula charakterisiert. Diese Zellart kommt unter anderem in den ‘krassalen’ Glandulae intestinales des Rhesusaffen (Schofield, 1970), von Mensch und Schaf (Schofield und Atkins, 1970), bei Schwein (Atkins et al., 1971) und Ziege (Wille, 1980b) sowie des Rindes (s. auch Maala und Cummings, 1985) vor.…”

“…Und schließlich berichten Maala und Cummings (1985) in ihrer Studie an der bovinen Blinddarmschleimhaut unter anderem über die Struktur absorbierender Enterozyten und Becherzellen des Oberflächenepithels sowie der undifferenzierten Zellen, Becherzellen, enterochromaffinen Zellen und der sog. epithel‐assoziierten, nicht epithelialen Zellen des Drüsenepithels.…”