Ultrastructure of Blastocystis hominis in human stool samples

Stenzel, Deborah; Boreham, P. F. L.; McDougall, Rodney

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(91)90149-2

Cited by 53 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is highly unlikely considering that these progeny appear strikingly similar to metabolic granules described previously and are therefore simply variants of the granular form (257,290). Cytoplasmic contents, often containing organelles, may invaginate and deposit filament-or vesicle-like membrane-bound structures into the central vacuole (65,159,160,181,235,239,252). The exact significance of this process is unclear, although it has been postulated to be a mechanism of apoptotic body deposition in Blastocystis cells undergoing programmed cell death (254).…”

Section: Morphological Formsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Secondly, the polymorphic nature of the organism in wet mounts can result in confusion with yeast, Cyclospora sp., or fat globules. The classical vacuolar forms may not predominate in fresh fecal specimens (235), while the smaller fecal cyst, when present, may be difficult to identify. Direct microscopy is usually done with stained specimens.…”

Section: Microscopymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…These forms reported from TEM studies of fresh stool samples were significantly smaller (5 to 8 m) than culture forms and were suggested to be the form that occurs in vivo (233,235). However, others observed typical vacuolar forms from fresh fecal samples (9,64,128,132,227,232,281,318).…”

Section: Morphological Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2B), sometimes referred to as the fibrillar layer or capsule, of various thicknesses (65). The surface coat is often thicker in parasites freshly isolated from feces and gradually thins out during prolonged laboratory culture (40,235), and cells without surface coats have been observed in vitro (65). The reason for this thinning out is unknown but may be due to the postulated role of the coat in trapping bacteria for nutritional purposes (311,314), which is not possible during axenic culture, or may be unnecessary if nutrients provided in laboratory culture are sufficient for growth.…”

Section: Morphological Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain culture conditions were reported to induce the development of the granular form from the vacuolar form. These conditions include old cultures (250), axenization (327), transfer to a different culture medium (235), and increases in serum concentrations in the culture medium (65,130,217,321). Amoeboid forms probably arise from vacuolar forms.…”

Section: Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

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New Insights on Classification, Identification, and Clinical Relevance of Blastocystis spp

Tan¹

2008

Clin Microbiol Rev

621

715

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SUMMARY Blastocystis is an unusual enteric protozoan parasite of humans and many animals. It has a worldwide distribution and is often the most commonly isolated organism in parasitological surveys. The parasite has been described since the early 1900s, but only in the last decade or so have there been significant advances in our understanding of Blastocystis biology. However, the pleomorphic nature of the parasite and the lack of standardization in techniques have led to confusion and, in some cases, misinterpretation of data. This has hindered laboratory diagnosis and efforts to understand its mode of reproduction, life cycle, prevalence, and pathogenesis. Accumulating epidemiological, in vivo, and in vitro data strongly suggest that Blastocystis is a pathogen. Many genotypes exist in nature, and recent observations indicate that humans are, in reality, hosts to numerous zoonotic genotypes. Such genetic diversity has led to a suggestion that previously conflicting observations on the pathogenesis of Blastocystis are due to pathogenic and nonpathogenic genotypes. Recent epidemiological, animal infection, and in vitro host-Blastocystis interaction studies suggest that this may indeed be the case. This review focuses on such recent advances and also provides updates on laboratory and clinical aspects of Blastocystis spp.

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Section: Morphological Formsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Microscopymentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Morphological Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphological Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

New Insights on Classification, Identification, and Clinical Relevance of Blastocystis spp

Tan¹

2008

Clin Microbiol Rev

621

715

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Blastocystis hominis

Windsor

2010

Topley &Amp; Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections

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Remission of chronic blastocystosis using ciprofloxacin

Rojas‐Jaimes,

Vesco‐Monteagudo

2023

Clinical Case Reports

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Blastocystis hominis is a strictly anaerobic parasite that has been under debate for many years regarding its classification, transmission, and pathogenicity, being found in different animals such as birds, reptiles, and mammals, for which it is considered a zoonosis. 1,2 Antibiotics, such as ampicillin, streptomycin, and gentamicin, have no apparent effect on the growth of B. hominis. 3,4 The forms in which B. hominis is reported are vacuolar, granular, amoeboid, and cystic, being the vacuolar form the most reported in coprological samples of clinical cases, 3,5 and the transmission of the parasite is mainly by the oral-fecal route. 6 The treatments used include metronidazole, furazolidone, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. [6][7][8][9] However, studies highlight, among the drugs, metronidazole alone, and, in some cases, metronidazole with some other drug combinations such as cotrimoxazole (with complete recovery), paromomycin (with the disappearance of symptoms), or cotrimoxazole followed by paromomycin (with the disappearance of symptoms 10 days after treatment). [10][11][12] Treatment is important in cases of blastocystosis to reduce symptoms or, at best, to achieve remission, especially in chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue, which can even cause a non-specific, allergic toxic reaction in the colon section that, in some cases, can lead to ulcerative colitis. 13 Regarding research on this parasite, which is not specific to a single host and is transmitted mainly by oralfecal route, in Peru, studies have been conducted on the prevalence in children, culture methods, and the interaction between Trichomonas hominis and B. hominis, which may provide a basis for the high prevalence of parasites in the pediatric population and the importance of culture methods to study the biology of the parasite. These contributions to such an enigmatic organism whose biology, pathogenic role, or treatment is still not well defined are significant. [14][15][16][17] | CASE REPORTA 39-year-old patient started with a clinical condition of liquid diarrhea, without blood or mucus, leukocytes, or inflammatory reaction, with negative studies for adenovirus, rotavirus, and Campylobacter sp., and negative for parasites, including Cryptosporidium sp.; urine examination without pathological indicators. In October 2019, the patient started having diarrhea 3 to 5 times a day, especially after ingesting food. The clinical condition continued developing for about 1 year and 7 months, triggering acute stomach pains, fatigue, and weight loss in the patient. Two months after the onset of the clinical condition, 3 serial samples were sent to a private

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Ultrastructure of Blastocystis hominis in human stool samples

Cited by 53 publications

References 11 publications

New Insights on Classification, Identification, and Clinical Relevance of Blastocystis spp

New Insights on Classification, Identification, and Clinical Relevance of Blastocystis spp

Blastocystis hominis

Remission of chronic blastocystosis using ciprofloxacin

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