Ultrastructure of posterior silk gland cells and liquid silk in Indian tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta drury (Lepidoptera : Saturniidae)

Akai, Hiromu; Nagashima, Takayuki; Aoyagi, Shinji

doi:10.1016/0020-7322(93)90036-z

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Past studies also suggested a lack of macro‐voids in Mulberry silk 24, 44. Non‐Mulberry silk fibers, Tasar and Muga, from the same family as Eri ( Saturdiine ) are also known to have elongated cavities (average 200 nm diameter in cross section),24, 25, 45 the size of which matches with those seen in Eri silk (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

An investigation into transition metal ion binding properties of silk fibers and particles using radioisotopes

Rajkhowa

Naik

Wang

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Silk is a structural protein fiber that is stable over a wide pH range making it attractive for use in medical and environmental applications. Variation in amino acid composition has the potential for selective binding for ions under varying conditions. Here we report on the metal ion separation potential of Mulberry and Eri silk fibers and powders over a range of pH. Highly sensitive radiotracer probes, . In all cases the silk powders absorbed metal ions faster than their respective silk fibers. Intensive degumming of the fibers and powders significantly reduced the time to absorb respective metal ions and the time to reach equilibrium was reduced from hours to 5-15 min at pH 8. Once bound, 45-100% of the metal ions were released from the sorbents after exposure to pH 3 buffer for 30 min. The transition metal ion loading capacity for the silk sorbents was considerably higher than that found for commercial ion exchange resins (AG MP-50 and AG 50W-X2) under similar conditions. Interestingly, total Cu 2þ bound was found to be higher than theoretically predicted values based on known specific Cu 2þ binding sites (AHGGYSGY), suggesting that additional (new) sites for transition metal ion binding sites are present in silk fibers.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

An investigation into transition metal ion binding properties of silk fibers and particles using radioisotopes

Rajkhowa

Naik

Wang

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…in the ASG region, tracheal branches are observed only at the periphery. Akai et al (1993) also reported the smaller frequency of the tracheal system in the ASG and even its absence. in our study, the tracheal tissue associated with the silk gland is BmMNPV-infected at 72 hpi.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Cytopathology of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) silk gland caused by multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus

Brancalhão

Torquato²,

Fernandez³

2009

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT.A multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus previously isolated from infected Bombyx mori L. larvae (BmMNPV) in Paraná State, Brazil, was inoculated into B. mori larvae to examine susceptibility and cytopathology in silk gland cells. The anterior, middle and posterior silk glands were removed from the infected silkworm at different times post-inoculation and processed for cytopathology studies by light and transmission electron microscopy. BmMNPV infection was only detected at 72 h post-inoculation in cells of the middle and posterior silk glands. No sign of infection was found in the anterior silk gland. Cytopathological characteristics were similar to those found in other target tissues; initially, they consisted of nuclear hypertrophy and the formation of virogenic stroma (viroplasm), in which the progeny virions are produced. The virions are then enveloped and occluded in protein crystal structures, the polyhedra. After viral replication, cells undergo lysis and release a great number of BmMNPV polyhedra into the hemocoele. Histopathology showed early infection foci in regions surrounding trachea insertions, demonstrating that trachea is an infection-spreading organ in the insect body. Trachea penetrates the middle and posterior silk gland basal lamina, considered a barrier to virus, facilitating the penetration of budded virus. The anterior silk gland does not have tracheal insertions into the basal lamina, which reduces budded virus infection. Tracheal branches provide a conduit for non-occluded virions (budded virus) to pass through the basal lamina barrier and disseminate BmMNPV in the silkworm silk gland.

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“…However, the domestic silk fibers, Bombyx mori , have no porous structure in the cocoon filament by electron microscopy 12, 13. The differences of morphology between the domestic and wild silk fiber have occurred because of the secretory mechanism of silk fibroin in the silk gland 13, 14. What information could we obtain further for the pore size in drawn domestic silk?…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biospinning: Change of water contents in drawn silk

Tanaka

Kobayashi

Inoue

et al. 2002

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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Changes of the water content in drawn silk during drying were investigated by thermal analysis and 1H pulse NMR. Water in liquid silk by drawing extruded from the inside of the silk filament into ambient air. The water contents in the drawn silk decreased with drying time. Assuming the nonfreezing water has a concentration of 10 wt % in the liquid silk, the percentage distribution of water in liquid silk is composed of 10 wt % nonfreezing water, 40 wt % freezing water, and 30 wt % free water. This 40 wt % freezing water in the liquid silk may be important for the formation of fine pores on the surface of drawn silk. The apparent pore radius, which was calculated from the results of thermal analysis, on the surface of drawn silk decreased to 5.0 nm and finally to 2.0 nm. The calculated apparent fine pore formed on the surface by drawing was 4.0 nm. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 274–280, 2003

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Ultrastructure of posterior silk gland cells and liquid silk in Indian tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta drury (Lepidoptera : Saturniidae)

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

An investigation into transition metal ion binding properties of silk fibers and particles using radioisotopes

An investigation into transition metal ion binding properties of silk fibers and particles using radioisotopes

Cytopathology of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) silk gland caused by multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus

Biospinning: Change of water contents in drawn silk

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