Ultrastructure of primitive neuroectodermal neoplasms of the central nervous system

Boesel, Carl P.; Suhan, Joseph; Bradel, Edward J.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(197807)42:1<194::aid-cncr2820420132>3.0.co;2-#

Cited by 53 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This may be due to the poorly differentiated nature of the tumor cells. In addition, electron microscopy revealed that the tumor cells were anaplastic and similar to those of human PNET [1,8].…”

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A Case of Canine Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor(PNET).

et al. 2001

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ABSTRACT. A 2-year and 6 month-old, female, Golden Retriever showed circling behavior and seizure. By magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination, a mass was found on the surface of the left cerebral hemisphere, invading to the left temporal muscle. The skull bone between them was destroyed. The dog was euthanized and necropsied. Histologically, the mass contained a lot of undifferentiated anaplastic cells, forming Homer-Wright rosettes and pseudopalisading patterns. Thus, the case was diagnosed as primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). KEY WORDS: brain neoplasm, canine, primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET).J. Vet. Med. Sci. 63(1): 103-105, 2001 Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) and medulloblastoma are the most undifferentiated neoplasms of the nervous system which contain neoplastic cells with a very primitive nature of both neuronal and glial cells. The concept of PNET was first proposed for the cerebral tumor of children that showed poorly differentiated morphology in the human medical field [5]. After that, PNET has been applied to all embryonal neuroectodermal tumors including neuroblastoma, ependymoblastoma, medulloblastoma and retinoblastoma [10]. At the present, PNET is applicable to the primitive tumors which arise in the extracerebellar nervous system and can not be morphologically distinguished from medulloblastoma in the cerebellum [9]. In animals, PNET has been reported in a monkey [7], a cattle [12] and dogs and cats [13].In this paper, we describe details of histopathological nature of the PNET observed in the cerebrum of a young dog. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the PNET observed in the dog, as an original paper with pictures.A 2-year and 6-month-old, female, Golden Retriever showed depression, circling behavior and walking disturbance. She was referred to a veterinary hospital, and abnormal behaviors and seizure were observed at that time. Though temporary recovery had been obtained by administration of corticosteroid, and she could walk again even with left circling, the sight-loss of the right eye was observed. Then she came to the Veterinary Medical Center of the University of Tokyo for further examination. By magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination, a mass was found on the surface of the left cerebral hemisphere, invading to the left temporal muscle (Fig. 1). The skull bone between brain and the muscle lesions was destroyed. The dog was euthanized because of the poor prognosis and necropsied soon after death.At necropsy, a grayish white-colored mass (4 × 2 × 2 cm) was found on the left temporal surface of the cerebrum, invading to the left temporal muscle (Fig. 2). The skull bone at the lesion was destroyed. The cut surface of the mass was grayish white, and several yellow-colored necrotic foci scattered in the mass. The border between the tumor mass and normal cerebral tissue was not clear (Fig. 3). No lesions were observed in other organs.All the collected organs were fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin. Paraffin sections (2-6 µm) were stained with hema...

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A Case of Canine Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor(PNET).

et al. 2001

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“…The differentiating elements within the tumor of various location in the central nervous system may be disclosed by the light microscopy, but more sophisticated immunohistochemical studies and ultrastructural studies using an electron microscope demonstrate elements differentiating towards glial or neuronal .cell lines [10,[14][15][16]. Variable terms were applied to these primitive tumors with differentiating elements: medulloepithelioma (neural tube), neuroblastoma (neuronal), polar spangioblastoma (astrocytic) ependymoblastoma (ependymal).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumors in childhood

1988

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A series of 17 infants and children with cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) detected by computed tomography is presented. The pertinent literature is reviewed. Because of ongoing nosological difficulty, we include in this series only those tumors which are located in the cerebral hemisphere, and are composed of predominantly undifferentiated neuroepithelial tumor with or without glial or neuronal differentiation. The prognosis of the patients with cerebral PNETs remains poor despite treatment including surgical resection, radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. Only two patients had a long term survival more than 4 years in this series. The histological features and the extent of surgical resection did not influence the patients survival. Nevertheless, visible total resection afforded better control of local disease of the primary site, but remote metastases along the cerebrospinal fluid pathway were frequent at relapse. The patients with cerebral PNETs appear to be best treated with radical gross total resection, postoperative radiation therapy including irradiation to the neuraxis and aggressive chemotherapy.

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“…Given the capacity of medulloblastoma to differentiate along neuronal and glial lines, the concept of a derivation from multipotential stem cells, such as those of the external granular layer of the cerebellum, found ready acceptance. 61,62 Currently, two hypotheses regarding the histogenesis of medulloblastoma persist, one stating that its cell of origin is unique to the cerebellum63 and the other that, as a PNET, medulloblastoma arises from a distinct population of cells located in the subependymal regions and within the pineal anlage.l4 Though the term &dquo;primitive neuroectodermal tumor&dquo; had already been coined and had a specific use,59 it was appropriated and its scope enlarged by Rorke 14 to include all malignant small-cell neuroepithelial neoplasms of the central nervous system.…”

Section: Histogenesis Of Medulloblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%