Ultrastructure of the digestive system and the fate of midgut during embryonic development in Porcellio scaber (Crustacea: Isopoda)

Štrus, Jasna; Klepal, Waltraud; Repina, Janja; Tušek‐Žnidarič, Magda; Milatovič, Maša; Pipan, Ziva

doi:10.1016/j.asd.2007.11.004

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…They form elongated tubes which insert at the foregut-hindgut junction and reach to the last pereomere. This was confirmed by other authors and partly at ultra-structural level (Strömberg 1965(Strömberg , 1967Holdich 1973;Wägele 1992;Strus et al 2008). This study shows that the size and shape of the midgut primordium and the degree of hindgut differentiation are helpful and efficient tools to distinguish developmental stages of Porcellio.…”

Section: Digestive Systemsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Thus, a very detailed analysis of the gene expression patterns of engrailed and Distal-less was undertaken up to the early limb bud formation . Extensive studies of gene expression patterns (Abzhanov and Kaufmann 1999a, b, 2000a, b, 2004Brena et al 2005) have been made as well as developmental studies on the nervous (Whitington et al 1993), digestive (Strus et al 2008) and muscular systems (Kreissl et al 2008). However, detailed descriptive staging information covering the complete course of embryogenesis in isopods is largely lacking.…”

Section: Communicated By S Rothmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…1995). The morphogenesis of the digestive tract was studied by several authors (Bullar 1878;McMurrich 1895;Goodrich 1939;Nair 1956;Strömberg 1965Strömberg , 1967Strus et al 2008). When Goodrich (1939) studied the embryonic development of Porcellio laevis, he showed in great detail that the digestive tract is exclusively an ectodermal formation of stomodaeum and proctodeum.…”

Section: Digestive Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The embryonic development of the malacostracan crustacean Porcellio scaber (Isopoda, Oniscidea)

Wolff

2009

Dev Genes Evol

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To examine the evolution of development and put it into a phylogenetic context, it is important to have, in addition to a model organism like Drosophila, more insights into the huge diversity of arthropod morphologies. In recent years, the malacostracan crustacean Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804 has become a popular animal for studies in evolutionary and developmental biology, but a detailed and complete description of its embryonic development is still lacking. Therefore, the embryonic development of the woodlouse P. scaber is described in a series of discrete stages easily identified by examination of living animals and the widely used technique of nuclei staining on fixed specimens. It starts with the first cleavage of the zygote and ends with a hatched manca that eventually leaves the mother's brood pouch. Classical methods like normal light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy are used, in addition to confocal LCM and computer-aided 3D reconstruction in order to visualise important processes during ontogeny. The purpose of these studies is to offer an easy way to define the different degrees of development for future comparative analyses of embryonic development amongst crustaceans in particular, as well as between different arthropod groups. In addition, several aspects of Porcellio embryonic development, such as the mouth formation, limb differentiations and modifications or the formation of the digestive tract, make this species particularly interesting for future studies in evolutionary and developmental biology.

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Section: Digestive Systemsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Communicated By S Rothmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Digestive Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The embryonic development of the malacostracan crustacean Porcellio scaber (Isopoda, Oniscidea)

Wolff

2009

Dev Genes Evol

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“…Morphogenesis of the digestive system was previously studied in isopod crustacean Porcellio scaber (Štrus et al 2008, Milatovič et al 2010). Development of the cuticular lining in the ectodermal digestive tract is also essential for gut function, but gut cuticle formation was not studied in detail.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wolff (2009) and Milatovič et al (2010) have defined a staging system, describing twenty developmental stages, based on morphological characteristics of embryos and marsupial mancae in Porcellio scaber . Concerning digestive system development in embryos and marsupial mancae, the following morphological features of ectodermal digestive tract formation have been reported: (i) the invaginated stomodeum is discernible and hindgut invagination is evident between pleomere 6 and telson in mid-stage embryos (stage 6), (ii) the foregut and hindgut are fused in late embryos (stage 16), (iii) the cuticular masticatory apparatus, primary and secondary filters are present in the stomach of late embryos (stage 18), (iv) the hindgut is clearly partitioned into the anterior chamber and papillate region in late embryos (stage 18) and (v) the alimentary canal with a pronounced typhlosole is fully developed in marsupial mancae (Štrus et al 2008, Milatovič et al 2010). Cuticle formation in the digestive system was not followed in detail in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of the hindgut cuticular lining during embryonic development of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda)

Mrak¹,

Bogataj²,

Štrus³

et al. 2015

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The hindgut and foregut in terrestrial isopod crustaceans are ectodermal parts of the digestive system and are lined by cuticle, an apical extracellular matrix secreted by epithelial cells. Morphogenesis of the digestive system was reported in previous studies, but differentiation of the gut cuticle was not followed in detail. This study is focused on ultrastructural analyses of hindgut apical matrices and cuticle in selected intramarsupial developmental stages of the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber in comparison to adult animals to obtain data on the hindgut cuticular lining differentiation. Our results show that in late embryos of stages 16 and 18 the apical matrix in the hindgut consists of loose material overlaid by a thin intensely ruffled electron dense lamina facing the lumen. The ultrastructural resemblance to the embryonic epidermal matrices described in several arthropods suggests a common principle in chitinous matrix differentiation. The hindgut matrix in the prehatching embryo of stage 19 shows characteristics of the hindgut cuticle, specifically alignment to the apical epithelial surface and a prominent electron dense layer of epicuticle. In the preceding embryonic stage – stage 18 – an electron dense lamina, closely apposed to the apical cell membrane, is evident and is considered as the first epicuticle formation. In marsupial mancae the advanced features of the hindgut cuticle and epithelium are evident: a more prominent epicuticular layer, formation of cuticular spines and an extensive apical labyrinth. In comparison to the hindgut cuticle of adults, the hindgut cuticle of marsupial manca and in particular the electron dense epicuticular layer are much thinner and the difference between cuticle architecture in the anterior chamber and in the papillate region is not yet distinguishable. Differences from the hindgut cuticle in adults imply not fully developed structure and function of the hindgut cuticle in marsupial manca, possibly related also to different environments, as mancae develop in marsupial fluid. Bacteria, evenly distributed within the homogenous electron dense material in the hindgut lumen, were observed only in one specimen of early marsupial manca. The morphological features of gut cuticle renewal are evident in the late marsupial mancae, and are similar to those observed in the exoskeleton.

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Postembryonic development and differentiation of the midgut in the freshwater shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Crustacea, Malacostraca, Decapoda) larvae

Sonakowska‐Czajka

Śróbka

Ostróżka

et al. 2020

Journal of Morphology

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Neocaridina davidi is a freshwater shrimp that originates from Taiwan and is commonly bred all over the word. Like all decapods, which develop indirectly, this species has pelagic larvae that may differ entirely in their morphology and habits from adult specimens. To fill a gap of knowledge about the developmental biology of freshwater shrimps we decided to document the 3D-localization of the midgut inside the body cavity of larval stages of N. davidi using X-ray microtomography, and to describe all structural and ultrastructural changes of the midgut epithelium (intestine and hepatopancreas) which occur during postembryonic development of N. davidi using light and transmission electron microscopy. We laid emphasis on stem cell functioning and cell death processes connected with differentiation. Our study revealed that while the intestine in both larval stages of N. davidi has the form of a fully developed organ, which resembles that of adult specimens, the hepatopancreas undergoes elongation and differentiation. E-cells, which are midgut stem cells, due to their proliferation and differentiation are responsible for the above-mentioned processes. Our study revealed that apoptosis is a common process in both larval stages of N. davidi in the intestine and proximal region of the hepatopancreas. In zoea III, autophagy as a survival factor is activated in order to protect cells against their death. However, when there are too many autophagic structures in epithelial cells, necrosis as passive cell death is activated. The presence of all types of cell death in the midgut in the zoea III stage confirms that this part of the digestive tract is fully developed and functional. Here, we present the first description of apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis in the digestive system of larval stages of Malacostraca and present the first description of their hepatopancreas elongation and differentiation due to midgut stem cell functioning.

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Ultrastructure of the digestive system and the fate of midgut during embryonic development in Porcellio scaber (Crustacea: Isopoda)

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

The embryonic development of the malacostracan crustacean Porcellio scaber (Isopoda, Oniscidea)

The embryonic development of the malacostracan crustacean Porcellio scaber (Isopoda, Oniscidea)

Formation of the hindgut cuticular lining during embryonic development of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda)

Postembryonic development and differentiation of the midgut in the freshwater shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Crustacea, Malacostraca, Decapoda) larvae

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