Ultrastructure of the Uterotubal Junction in Preovulatory Pigs

Rodriguez‐Martinez, Heriberto; Nicander, Lennart; Viring, S.; Einarsson, S.; Larsson, K.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0264.1990.tb00875.x

Cited by 62 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…the utero-tubal junction and the adjacent first caudal portion of the isthmus), are seemingly immotile and depict normal ultrastructure during the long pre-ovulation period [28,29]. These spermatozoa remain in the pre-ovulatory functional sperm reservoir for most of the time of estrus and definitely do not readily migrate towards the infundibulum immediately after they are inseminated [29].…”

Section: The Stored Tubal Spermatozoa and Their Relation To The Tubalmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ubiquitous hyaluronan: Functionally implicated in the oviduct?

et al. 2016

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Hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid) is a simple, non-antigenic, non-sulphated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) present everywhere in the extracellular compartments of the body. Noteworthy, it is highly conserved phylogenetically, from sauropsida to mammals; and plays a plethora of roles from embryonic/fetal development to adult physiological and pathological events, including tumor development. In reproduction, hyaluronan has proven related to initial events as sperm survival, build-up of the sperm reservoir in the oviduct, regulation of sperm capacitation and pre-fertilization to later participate in embryo, fetal and placental development. Synthesis, binding (via the CD44 membrane receptor) and degradation of hyaluronan occur in male and female genital organs, the oviduct being no exception. This review discusses our current knowledge on roles of this ubiquitous GAG on the survival of immunologically foreign spermatozoa in the pig oviduct, a relevant event for fertility. During pre-ovulatory storage in the functional tubal sperm reservoir, spermatozoa are entrapped in a mucus-like tubal fluid.This fluid contains fluctuating levels of hyaluronan, which is synthesized by the lining 18th ICAR-2016-S2. Pig reproduction Symp 2 epithelium by HA-synthase 3 (has3). Both hyaluronan and its CD44-receptor are particularly evident in the deep mucosal furrows of the sperm reservoir, where most spermatozoa are embedded in; kept alive, un-capacitated but also undetected by the immune system of the female. Hyaluronan is also present in the seminal plasma, and evidence points out an involvement of hyaluronan and its receptor in the local (tubal and possibly uterine) production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, pertaining maternal immune tolerance of these foreign cells.

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Section: The Stored Tubal Spermatozoa and Their Relation To The Tubalmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ubiquitous hyaluronan: Functionally implicated in the oviduct?

et al. 2016

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“…The pattern of leukocyte infiltration in the sow's endosalpinx was similar to the early dioestrus stage (~70 hr after ovulation) in the sow uterus [8] and the sow oviduct [6]. The low amount of neutrophils and macrophages indicates that the function of the non-specific immune system or phagocytosis is limited in the sperm reservoir as suggested in the previous study by Rodriguez-Martinez et al [13]. In general, the number of sperm used for IUI and DIUI was 3 and 20 times less than for CAI [17,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Infiltration of Local Immune Cells in the Sow Reproductive Tracts after Intra-Uterine and Deep Intra-Uterine Insemination with a Reduced Number of Spermatozoa is Less than Conventional Artificial Insemination

Tummaruk

Tienthai

2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The present study investigated the infiltration of leukocyte subpopulations in the utero-tubal junction (UTJ) and each part of the oviducts at about 24 hr after intra-uterine insemination (IUI) and deep intra-uterine insemination (DIUI) compared to conventional artificial insemination (CAI) in sows. Fifteen crossbred Landrace x Yorkshire multiparous sows were used (CAI, n=5; IUI, n=5; DIUI, n=5). The sperm dose contained 3,000  10 6 (100 ml), 1,000  10 6 (50 ml) and 150  10 6 (5 ml) motile spermatozoa for CAI, IUI and DIUI, respectively. The sows were inseminated with extended fresh semen at 6 to 8 hr prior to the expected time of ovulation. At 25.2  1.6 hr after insemination, the oviducts and the UTJ were collected. The tissue samples of UTJ, caudal isthmus, cranial isthmus and ampulla were transversely cut to a thickness of 5 m and stained with H&E. The total numbers of lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils and plasma cells were determined under light microscope. It was found that the numbers of lymphocytes, eosinophils and macrophages after CAI, IUI and DIUI were not significantly different (P>0.1) in both epithelial and sub-epithelial connective tissue layer of the UTJ, caudal isthmus, cranial isthmus and ampulla. Intra-epithelial neutrophils in the UTJ were higher than cranial isthmus (P<0.05) and ampulla (P<0.05). In the UTJ, the intra-epithelial neutrophil in the CAI group was higher than DIUI group (P<0.01). Plasma cells in sub-epithelial layer of the endosalpinx in the CAI group were higher than DIUI group (P<0.05) and tended to be higher than the IUI group (P=0.08). In conclusion, compared to CAI, IUI and DIUI do not influence the infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils in the UTJ and the oviduct prior to fertilization. But a lower number of neutrophils in the intra-epithelial layer of the UTJ and plasma cells in the sub-epithelial layers of the oviduct was observed in the DIUI group compared to CAI.KEY WORDS: immune cell, intra-uterine insemination, oviduct, swine.

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“…A part of this distension is spatially absorbed by the endometrium, which is conspicuously edematous during estrus [14,15], but it eventually stretches the myometrium. Semen is a suspension of spermatozoa in seminal plasma, a heterogeneous fluid composed of epididymal caudal contents and the secretions of the accessory sexual glands [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vanguard Sperm Cohort of the Boar Ejaculate is Overrepresented in the Tubal Sperm Reservoir In Vivo

Wallgren

Saravia

Rodriguez‐Martinez

2010

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. In boars, sperm cohorts are sequentially emitted in epididymal cauda fluid and resuspended in different mixtures of accessory sex gland secretions while ejaculated in various fractions. During natural mating, these ejaculate fractions sequentially enter the cervix-uterine lumen, are quickly transported towards the tips of the uterine horns and colonize the oviductal sperm reservoirs (SR). Using a simple experiment, we tested the hypothesis that the first ejaculated sperm subpopulation (fortuitously present in the peak portion of the sperm-rich fraction [SRF], the so-called Portion 1, P1) is, by reaching first the SR, overrepresented there. Spermatozoa from P1-and of P2-(last portion of the SRF and the Post-SRF) were collected from 3 fertile boars. P1-spermatozoa were fluorophore DNA-stained, while P2-spermatozoa were kept unstained. Weaned estrous sows were conventionally inseminated (12 h after onset of estrus) with similar sperm numbers (approx 10 × 10 9 spermatozoa) per portion but in different orders as follows: (i) a mix of P1 and P2 aliquots (control, P1+P2, n=5), or testing (ii) a sequential order (P1-P2, Treatment A, n=5) or (iii) an inverse order (P2-P1, Treatment B, n=5) of cohort AI. Sows were euthanized approx 3 h post-AI, and the SRs were flushed to recover the spermatozoa, which were accounted for as stained or unstained. The total number of spermatozoa flushed did not differ between groups or boars (NS, ranging 0.9 to 2.0 × 10 9 ). Sequential, in vivo-like, sperm deposition (P1-P2, Treatment A) yielded the highest proportion of stained P1-spermatozoa in the SRs (59.8 ± 5.66%, means ± SEM) compared with when the order was reversed (P2-P1, Treatment B; 15.6 ± 2.1% P1-spermatozoa, P<0.05) or P1 and P2 sperm suspensions were mixed (control, 36.9 ± 2.70% P1-spermatozoa, P<0.05). The tested hypothesis proved valid; if inseminated in the same order as ejaculated in vivo, P1-spermatozoa become overrepresented in the SR. The physiological consequences of this skewed SR-colonization are discussed in this paper alongside the advantageous use of P1-spermatozoa for handling, including cryopreservation. Key words: Ejaculate fractions, Pig, Sperm transport in the female (J. Reprod. Dev. 56: [68][69][70][71][72] 2010) uring natural mating in pigs, emission (i.e., the formation and deposition of semen [spermatozoa and seminal fluid, or seminal plasma, SP] in the urethra) and ejaculation (i.e., the forthcoming expulsion of the semen through the penis urethra) repeat as waves for 5-10 min, during which a complete ejaculate (in a mature boar being between 250-300 ml) is sequentially verted into the lumen of the female cervix [1].Ex corpore, as for handling and preservation and artificial insemination (AI), the ejaculate is manually collected into a recipient. During this manual collection, the operator can easily discriminate the sequence of the three major fractions of the ejaculate, mainly owing to the color and appearance. These fractions are classically called pre-sperm (PSF, with a clear seminal flu...

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Ultrastructure of the Uterotubal Junction in Preovulatory Pigs

Cited by 62 publications

References 32 publications

The ubiquitous hyaluronan: Functionally implicated in the oviduct?

The ubiquitous hyaluronan: Functionally implicated in the oviduct?

Infiltration of Local Immune Cells in the Sow Reproductive Tracts after Intra-Uterine and Deep Intra-Uterine Insemination with a Reduced Number of Spermatozoa is Less than Conventional Artificial Insemination

The Vanguard Sperm Cohort of the Boar Ejaculate is Overrepresented in the Tubal Sperm Reservoir In Vivo

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